College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
Chemosphere. 2022 Aug;301:134549. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134549. Epub 2022 Apr 8.
Excessive input of nitrogen(N) fertilizer and improper selection of fertilizer types in the greenhouse vegetable production process will lead to a large amount of N loss. In order to relieve the environmental pollution caused by N loss, a planting experiment was carried out in a solar greenhouse in Shouguang, Shandong, China, to investigate the effects of N-reducing fertilizer and straw application on greenhouse vegetable yield and soil N loss, and to explore the fate of N after fertilizer application using the N isotope tracing technique. The experiment was planted for two seasons from July 2017 to June 2018 with four treatments: control (CK), conventional fertilizer (CN), reduced N topdressing (SN), and reduced N topdressing + straw (SNS). The results indicated that N reduction fertilizer and straw application resulted in a 35.25%-35.49% reduction in total NO emissions and 15.76%-41.77% reduction in mineral N leaching losses. N isotopes as tracers showed that the maximum abundance in NO was reduced by 58.5% and 55.68% for SN and SNS, respectively, and cumulative NO emissions were reduced by 80.44% and 81.67%, respectively, and mineral N leaching was reduced by 74.4% and 70.48%, respectively, after fertilization compared to CN treatment. There was no significant difference in tomato yield between the three fertilizer treatments in the two growing seasons. Therefore, in greenhouse vegetable production, the amount of N fertilizer was reduced by 40.7% and the addition of straw reduced NO emissions and N leaching without affecting tomato yields.
温室蔬菜生产过程中氮肥投入过量和肥料类型选择不当会导致大量氮素损失。为了缓解氮素损失造成的环境污染，在中国山东寿光日光温室进行了一项种植试验，研究了控释肥和秸秆施用对温室蔬菜产量和土壤氮素损失的影响，并采用氮同位素示踪技术探讨了施肥后氮素的去向。该试验于 2017 年 7 月至 2018 年 6 月进行了两个季节，共设 4 个处理：对照（CK）、常规施肥（CN）、控释肥追肥（SN）和控释肥追肥+秸秆（SNS）。结果表明，控释肥和秸秆的施用使总 NO 排放减少了 35.25%-35.49%，矿质氮淋溶损失减少了 15.76%-41.77%。氮同位素示踪表明，SN 和 SNS 的最大 NO 丰度分别减少了 58.5%和 55.68%，累积 NO 排放量分别减少了 80.44%和 81.67%，矿质氮淋溶分别减少了 74.4%和 70.48%。与 CN 处理相比，施肥后 SN 和 SNS 处理番茄产量在两个生长季节均无显著差异。因此，在温室蔬菜生产中，氮素用量减少 40.7%，添加秸秆可减少 NO 排放和氮素淋溶，而不影响番茄产量。
