Kakaiya R M, Jacobs B, Pelletier M, Morse E E, Cable R G
Ann Clin Lab Sci. 1986 Sep-Oct;16(5):380-5.
A total of 1,573,769 blood donations from volunteer blood donors from Connecticut were tested for Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) from 1973 to 1983. The prevalence of HBsAg decreased over this 10 year period among first time as well as repeat donors. This decrease was much more pronounced in the first three years of the study (1973 to 1975) in repeat donors. Thereafter, prevalence was stable. In first-time donors, the largest decrease also occurred in the first three years. In contrast to repeat donors, however, marked fluctuations in the prevalence were noted in first time donors. As has been the case in previous studies, HBsAg prevalence in first-time donors was significantly higher than that observed in repeat donors. Our study encompasses the longest period of observation in comparison to previous reports on HBsAg prevalence among blood donors. While it has been previously established that a decrease in prevalence over time does occur among repeat donors, stabilization of prevalence after an initial reduction found in our study has not been previously documented. This may indicate an irreducible minimum prevalence rate in the repeat donor population. In addition, our study for the first time convincingly demonstrates a reduction in prevalence in first-time donors which may reflect better communications at the donor recruitment and nursing level.
1973年至1983年期间，对来自康涅狄格州的1573769名志愿献血者的血液进行了乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）检测。在这10年期间，首次献血者和重复献血者中HBsAg的流行率均有所下降。在重复献血者中，这种下降在研究的前三年（1973年至1975年）更为明显。此后，流行率保持稳定。在首次献血者中，最大降幅也出现在前三年。然而，与重复献血者不同的是，首次献血者的流行率出现了明显波动。正如以往研究中所发现的那样，首次献血者中HBsAg的流行率显著高于重复献血者。与之前关于献血者中HBsAg流行率的报告相比，我们的研究涵盖了最长的观察期。虽然之前已经确定重复献血者的流行率会随着时间的推移而下降，但我们的研究中首次发现的初始下降后流行率的稳定情况此前尚未有文献记载。这可能表明重复献血者群体中存在一个不可降低的最低流行率。此外，我们的研究首次令人信服地证明了首次献血者中流行率的下降，这可能反映了在献血招募和护理层面更好的沟通。
