Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Department of Surgical Biotechnology, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London Medical School, University College London (UCL) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Royal Free Hospital Campus (UCL), London, UK.
Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2023;21(5):293-296. doi: 10.2174/0115701611263345230919122907.
Peripheral artery disease (PAD), defined as lower extremity arterial disease, constitutes an underestimated aspect of the menopause-associated risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Accumulation of ASCVD risk factors, such as atherogenic dyslipidaemia, diabetes, and arterial hypertension, after the transition to menopause may contribute to atherosclerotic plaque formation in peripheral arteries. However, inconsistency exists among studies as to whether transition to menopause increases the risk of PAD, although early menopause (<45 years) or premature ovarian insufficiency may accelerate peripheral atherosclerotic plaque formation. Menopausal hormone therapy may decrease the risk of PAD if administered early (, within the first 5-6 years after last menstruation), whereas it has no effect in women with established ASCVD.
外周动脉疾病（PAD）定义为下肢动脉疾病，是绝经相关动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病（ASCVD）风险被低估的一个方面。绝经后 ASCVD 危险因素（如动脉粥样硬化性血脂异常、糖尿病和动脉高血压）的积累可能导致外周动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成。然而，关于绝经是否会增加 PAD 的风险，研究结果并不一致，尽管早期绝经（<45 岁）或卵巢早衰可能会加速外周动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成。如果绝经激素治疗在绝经后最初的 5-6 年内（末次月经后）开始使用，可能会降低 PAD 的风险，而对于已经患有 ASCVD 的女性则没有效果。
