Bru Jean-Louis, Kasallis Summer J, Zhuo Quantum, Høyland-Kroghsbo Nina Molin, Siryaporn Albert
Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA.
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA.
Biophys Rev (Melville). 2023 Sep;4(3):031305. doi: 10.1063/5.0128140. Epub 2023 Sep 28.
Swarming is a collective flagella-dependent movement of bacteria across a surface that is observed across many species of bacteria. Due to the prevalence and diversity of this motility modality, multiple models of swarming have been proposed, but a consensus on a general mechanism for swarming is still lacking. Here, we focus on swarming by due to the abundance of experimental data and multiple models for this species, including interpretations that are rooted in biology and biophysics. In this review, we address three outstanding questions about swarming: what drives the outward expansion of a swarm, what causes the formation of dendritic patterns (tendrils), and what are the roles of flagella? We review models that propose biologically active mechanisms including surfactant sensing as well as fluid mechanics-based models that consider swarms as thin liquid films. Finally, we reconcile recent observations of swarms with early definitions of swarming. This analysis suggests that mechanisms associated with sliding motility have a critical role in swarm formation.
群体游动是细菌借助鞭毛在表面进行的集体运动，许多细菌种类都有这种现象。由于这种运动方式普遍存在且具有多样性，人们提出了多种群体游动模型，但对于群体游动的一般机制仍未达成共识。在这里，由于有大量的实验数据以及针对该物种的多种模型，包括基于生物学和生物物理学的解释，我们重点关注[细菌名称]的群体游动。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了关于[细菌名称]群体游动的三个突出问题：是什么驱动群体向外扩张，是什么导致树枝状图案（卷须）的形成，以及鞭毛的作用是什么？我们回顾了提出生物活性机制（包括表面活性剂感知）的模型以及将群体视为薄液膜的基于流体力学的模型。最后，我们将[细菌名称]群体的最新观察结果与群体游动的早期定义进行协调。这一分析表明，与滑动运动相关的机制在[细菌名称]群体形成中起关键作用。
