严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）信使核糖核酸（mRNA）疫苗接种可诱导以中和抗体为特征的鼻内黏膜反应。

SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination induces an intranasal mucosal response characterized by neutralizing antibodies.

作者信息

Cao Kevin T, Cobos-Uribe Catalina, Knight Noelle, Jonnalagadda Rithika, Robinette Carole, Jaspers Ilona, Rebuli Meghan E

机构信息

Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC.

Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma, and Lung Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC.

出版信息

J Allergy Clin Immunol Glob. 2023 Jun 25;2(4):100129. doi: 10.1016/j.jacig.2023.100129. eCollection 2023 Nov.

DOI:10.1016/j.jacig.2023.100129

PMID:37781659

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10290737/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccine-induced systemic antibody profiles are well characterized; however, little is known about whether intranasal mucosal antibodies are induced or can neutralize virus in response to mRNA vaccination.

OBJECTIVE

We sought to evaluate intranasal mucosal antibody production with SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination.

METHODS

SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG and IgA concentrations and neutralization activity from sera and nasal mucosa via nasal epithelial lining fluid (NELF) collection were measured in SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-vaccinated healthy volunteers (N = 29) by using multiplex immunoassays. Data were compared before and after vaccination, between mRNA vaccine brands, and by sex.

RESULTS

SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination induced an intranasal immune response characterized by neutralizing mucosal antibodies. IgG antibodies displayed greater Spike 1 (S1) binding specificity than did IgA in serum and nasal mucosa. Nasal antibodies displayed greater neutralization activity against the receptor-binding domain than serum. Spikevax (Moderna)-vaccinated individuals displayed greater SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG and IgA antibody concentrations than did Comirnaty (BioNTech/Pfizer)-vaccinated individuals in their serum and nasal epithelial lining fluid. Sex-dependent differences in antibody response were not observed.

CONCLUSION

SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination induces a robust systemic and intranasal antibody production with neutralizing capacity. Spikevax vaccinations elicit a greater antibody response than does Comirnaty vaccination systemically and intranasally.

摘要

背景

严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）信使核糖核酸（mRNA）疫苗诱导产生的全身抗体谱已得到充分表征；然而，对于mRNA疫苗接种后是否能诱导鼻内黏膜抗体产生或中和病毒，人们了解甚少。

目的

我们试图评估SARS-CoV-2 mRNA疫苗接种后鼻内黏膜抗体的产生情况。

方法

通过多重免疫测定法，对29名接种SARS-CoV-2 mRNA疫苗的健康志愿者，检测其血清和经鼻上皮衬液（NELF）收集的鼻黏膜中SARS-CoV-2特异性IgG和IgA浓度以及中和活性。比较了接种前后、不同mRNA疫苗品牌之间以及不同性别的数据。

结果

SARS-CoV-2 mRNA疫苗接种诱导了以中和性黏膜抗体为特征的鼻内免疫反应。在血清和鼻黏膜中，IgG抗体比IgA表现出更高的刺突1（S1）结合特异性。鼻内抗体对受体结合域的中和活性高于血清。接种Spikevax（Moderna）疫苗的个体，其血清和鼻上皮衬液中SARS-CoV-2特异性IgG和IgA抗体浓度高于接种Comirnaty（BioNTech/辉瑞）疫苗的个体。未观察到抗体反应的性别差异。