Wang Jing, Xia Zhaoyue, Yao Heng, Zhang Qilong, Yang Hui
School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2023 Oct 11;15(40):47208-47220. doi: 10.1021/acsami.3c08706. Epub 2023 Oct 2.
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are promising for a variety of applications that require a reliable output performance and stability. In this work, by utilizing the synergistic effect of lithium chloride (LiCl) and MXene, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) based composite films with humidity-sensitive properties were prepared and employed as a friction layer to achieve self-powered TENGs with enhanced output performance under high humidity. The composite material demonstrates exceptional and stable output performance in the humidity range of 30-95% while exhibiting a strong linear correlation with increasing relative humidity (RH). At 95% RH, its short-circuit current increases up to 31.91 μA, which is three times the output of the TENG fabricated by PVA and PTFE (P-TENG). The rich hydroxyl group in PVA, the strong hygroscopicity of LiCl, and the microcapacitor network provided by MXene nanosheets significantly improve the water absorption capacity and surface roughness of the composite material, resulting in an excellent triboelectric output of TENG. Short-circuit current of the TENG in a wide range of RH (from 50% to 98%) responds very sensitively to humidity fluctuations in the environment and superior adsorption-desorption performance as humidity decreases. Furthermore, TENG regarded as a power supply in high humidity conditions was realized and it can light up 240 LEDs instantaneously with the transfer charge density of TENG reaching 194.37 μC m. This technology presents an effective method for stable energy harvesting and self-powered sensing in fog, the ocean, and other high-humidity environments.
摩擦纳米发电机（TENGs）在各种需要可靠输出性能和稳定性的应用中具有广阔前景。在这项工作中，通过利用氯化锂（LiCl）和MXene的协同效应，制备了具有湿度敏感特性的基于聚乙烯醇（PVA）的复合薄膜，并将其用作摩擦层，以实现自供电TENGs在高湿度下具有增强的输出性能。该复合材料在30 - 95%的湿度范围内表现出优异且稳定的输出性能，同时与相对湿度（RH）的增加呈现出很强的线性相关性。在95% RH时，其短路电流增加至31.91 μA，是由PVA和PTFE制备的TENG（P - TENG）输出的三倍。PVA中丰富的羟基、LiCl的强吸湿性以及MXene纳米片提供的微电容网络显著提高了复合材料的吸水能力和表面粗糙度，从而实现了TENG优异的摩擦电输出。TENG在较宽的RH范围（从50%到98%）内的短路电流对环境湿度波动响应非常敏感，并且在湿度降低时具有优异的吸附 - 解吸性能。此外，实现了在高湿度条件下将TENG用作电源，当TENG的转移电荷密度达到194.37 μC m时，它可以瞬间点亮240个发光二极管。该技术为在雾、海洋和其他高湿度环境中进行稳定的能量收集和自供电传感提供了一种有效方法。
