Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO.
Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO.
J Immunol. 2023 Oct 15;211(8):1187-1194. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300385.
Pigs play an important role in influenza A virus (IAV) epidemiology because they support replication of human, avian, and swine origin viruses and act as an IAV reservoir for pigs and other species, including humans. Moreover, novel IAVs with human pandemic potential may be generated in pigs. To minimize the threat of IAVs to human and swine health, it is crucial to understand host defense mechanisms that restrict viral replication and pathology in pigs. In this article, we review IAV strains circulating in the North American swine population, as well as porcine innate and acquired immune responses to IAV, including recent advances achieved through immunological tools developed specifically for swine. Furthermore, we highlight unique aspects of the porcine pulmonary immune system, which warrant consideration when developing vaccines and therapeutics to limit IAV in swine or when using pigs to model human IAV infections.
猪在甲型流感病毒（IAV）流行病学中发挥着重要作用，因为它们支持人类、禽源和猪源病毒的复制，并充当猪和其他物种（包括人类）的 IAV 储主。此外，具有人类大流行潜力的新型 IAV 可能在猪中产生。为了最大限度地降低 IAV 对人类和猪健康的威胁，了解限制猪体内病毒复制和病理学的宿主防御机制至关重要。在本文中，我们回顾了在北美的猪群中流行的 IAV 株，以及猪对 IAV 的先天和获得性免疫反应，包括通过专门为猪开发的免疫工具取得的最新进展。此外，我们强调了猪肺部免疫系统的独特方面，这在开发限制猪中 IAV 的疫苗和疗法时，或者在使用猪来模拟人类 IAV 感染时，需要加以考虑。
