Facilitators and barriers to evidence-based practice in central venous access device insertion and management in an intensive care unit: A qualitative study.

INTRODUCTION

Research evidence and clinical practice guidelines exist on preventing central line-associated bloodstream infections. However, there is limited knowledge about the barriers and facilitators to evidence-based central venous access device care.

AIM

The aim of this study was to investigate the facilitators and barriers to evidence-based central venous access device care in the adult intensive care setting.

METHOD

This exploratory qualitative study involved focus groups and interviews with registered nurses and physicians involved in central venous access device insertion and management in a tertiary Australian intensive care unit. Purposive sampling was used to recruit staff (n = 26) with varying years of clinical experience and clinical positions. Six focus groups and three individual interviews were conducted. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using content analysis.

RESULTS

Three overarching categories emerged: work structures to support optimal performance; processes to optimise quality of care, and factors influencing staff members' behaviour. Perceived facilitators to optimal central venous access device care included explicit language use in procedure documents, work-system integrated strategies, research evidence dissemination, audit, and feedback. However, there was a lack of consistency in practices such as audit, feedback, and patient participation.

CONCLUSION

To bring about effective improvement in central venous access device care, future interventions should be tailored to address identified barriers, including integrating audit and feedback into clinicians' work processes. Additionally, future research is needed to explore the role of patients and their families in central venous access device care.

IMPLICATIONS FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE

When developing practice policies or procedure manuals, it is important to use explicit language to ensure clear communication of evidence-based recommendations to clinicians. Strategies integrated into work processes can enhance adherence to evidence-based practice. Large departments with limited educators should explore innovative methods like online education to ensure optimal central venous access device care.