Memory for temporal order and frequency of occurrence in detoxified alcoholics.

The ability to retain temporal order (recency) and event frequency information was assessed in long-term alcoholics and in nonalcoholic control subjects. On the temporal recency task, the alcoholics were impaired when they were asked unexpectedly to judge how recently these stimuli had been presented. When subjects were aware that they would eventually be asked to make decisions about temporal order, the alcoholics evidenced significant difficulties only for the figural stimuli. On the task requiring judgements about the frequency of events, alcoholics demonstrated significant deficits only when they had to make unexpected judgements about figural stimuli. The implications of these findings for the neurological basis of alcoholics' cognitive deficits are discussed.