Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India.
Indian J Dent Res. 2023 Apr-Jun;34(2):169-173. doi: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_132_22.
In paediatric dentistry, pain is adversely influenced by a child's level of anxiety. Ironically, the most common form of pain control used in dentistry, local anaesthesia, can itself produce anxiety. One of the techniques to overcome a child's anxiety is using distraction. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of distraction techniques, i.e. audio distraction (AD) and audio-visual distraction (AVD) by measuring salivary stress biomarker (salivary cortisol and salivary alpha-amylase) levels in 3-5 year-old children.
Forty children aged 3-5 years were divided randomly into two groups; (Group I = AD, Group II = AVD). Cotton pellets were placed in the lingual vestibule to collect a sample of saliva. Children were then asked to wear overhead phones in the AD group, connected to a phone, and rhymes were played. In AVD, a cartoon movie was shown to the children using AV glasses. Simultaneously, local anaesthesia was administrated to children, after which another saliva sample was collected. Biomarker estimation was done using ELISA. Fisher's exact test was used for statistical analysis.
Statistically significant results were seen with Group II compared to Group I (cortisol-P = 0.009; salivary alpha-amylase-P = 0.03).
Both distraction techniques are effective in reducing stress but compared to AD, AVD is more efficacious.
在儿童牙科中，儿童的焦虑程度会对疼痛产生不利影响。具有讽刺意味的是，牙科中最常用的止痛方法——局部麻醉本身也会引起焦虑。克服儿童焦虑的一种方法是分散注意力。本研究的目的是通过测量 3-5 岁儿童的唾液应激生物标志物（唾液皮质醇和唾液淀粉酶）水平来评估分散注意力技术（即听觉分散（AD）和视听分散（AVD））的有效性。
将 40 名 3-5 岁的儿童随机分为两组；（I 组=AD，II 组=AVD）。将棉片置于舌侧前庭以收集唾液样本。然后，要求 AD 组的儿童戴上头顶耳机，耳机与电话相连，并播放儿歌。在 AVD 中，使用 AV 眼镜向儿童播放卡通电影。同时，向儿童给予局部麻醉，然后收集另一份唾液样本。使用 ELISA 进行生物标志物估计。Fisher 确切检验用于统计分析。
与 I 组相比，II 组的结果具有统计学意义（皮质醇 P=0.009；唾液淀粉酶 P=0.03）。
两种分散注意力的技术都能有效减轻压力，但与 AD 相比，AVD 更有效。
