性侵犯护士检查人员可提高服务利用率:一项横断面研究。

Sexual Assault Nurse Examiners Lead to Improved Uptake of Services: A Cross-Sectional Study.

机构信息

University of Chicago, Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois,

Chicago Center for HIV Elimination, Chicago, Illinois.

出版信息

West J Emerg Med. 2023 Sep;24(5):974-982. doi: 10.5811/westjem.59514.

Abstract

Sexual Assault Nurse Examiners (SANE), who are trained to provide comprehensive and compassionate specialty care to sexual assault survivors, are increasingly used in the emergency department (ED), but there is little published literature to support their benefit. In this study we aimed to compare services offered and received by sexual assault survivors in the ED when care was provided by a SANE vs those with traditional care teams, hypothesizing that SANE utilization will be associated with improved uptake of recommended services. This was a retrospective review examining all patient encounters in which a sexual assault was disclosed in a large, urban, adult ED between June 1, 2019-June 30, 2022. We extracted timeline information from the ED encounter, demographic information, resources offered to and accepted by the patient, clinical care data, and continuity of care data from the medical record. We used unadjusted and adjusted analyses to compare patient demographics and services offered and accepted between SANE and non-SANE encounters. We included a total of 182 encounters in the analysis, of which 130 (71.4%) involved SANEs. Demographics were similar between groups, except there was a larger proportion of cisgender men in the non-SANE group (14.0% vs 5.5%), and the timing of visits differed, with non-SANE visits more common during the overnight shift. All recommended testing, prophylaxis, and resources were offered more frequently during SANE visits, and all but one were more frequently accepted by patients during SANE visits, although not all comparisons reached statistical significance. Patients who received care from a SANE were more often offered recommended services and resources and more frequently accepted them. Making SANE care available at all times to these vulnerable patients would both improve patient outcomes and allow hospitals to meet required quality metrics. States should consider expanding legislation to encourage and fund SANE coverage for all hospitals to support access to vital resources in the ED for survivors of sexual assault.

摘要

性侵犯护士检查人员 (SANE) 经过专门培训,能够为性侵犯幸存者提供全面而富有同情心的专业护理,他们在急诊科 (ED) 中越来越多地被使用,但很少有发表的文献支持他们的益处。在这项研究中,我们旨在比较在 ED 中由 SANE 提供护理和传统护理团队提供护理时,性侵犯幸存者接受的服务,并假设 SANE 的使用将与推荐服务的接受率提高相关。这是一项回顾性研究,检查了 2019 年 6 月 1 日至 2022 年 6 月 30 日期间,在一个大型城市成人 ED 中披露性侵犯的所有患者就诊情况。我们从 ED 就诊记录中提取时间线信息、人口统计学信息、向患者提供和接受的资源、临床护理数据和医疗记录中的连续性护理数据。我们使用未经调整和调整的分析来比较 SANE 和非 SANE 就诊中患者的人口统计学特征以及提供和接受的服务。我们共纳入了 182 次就诊进行分析,其中 130 次(71.4%)涉及 SANE。除了非 SANE 组中有更大比例的顺性别男性(14.0% 比 5.5%),并且就诊时间不同,非 SANE 就诊更常见于夜间班次外,两组患者的人口统计学特征相似。所有推荐的检测、预防措施和资源在 SANE 就诊时更频繁地提供,并且在 SANE 就诊时患者更频繁地接受所有这些资源,尽管并非所有比较都达到统计学意义。接受 SANE 护理的患者更常接受推荐的服务和资源,并且更常接受这些服务。为这些弱势群体患者提供随时可获得的 SANE 护理,既可以改善患者的结局,又可以使医院达到所需的质量指标。各州应考虑扩大立法,鼓励和资助所有医院的 SANE 覆盖范围,以支持在 ED 为性侵犯幸存者提供重要资源。

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