Nisar Aamer, Hamza Hafiz Muhammad, Awan Ayaz A, Malik Muiz M, Gondal Abdullah, Riaz Mehwish, Bhatti Hamza Z
Orthopedic Surgery, Ali Medical Centre, Islamabad, PAK.
Medical School, Foundation University School of Health Sciences, Islamabad, PAK.
Cureus. 2023 Sep 1;15(9):e44546. doi: 10.7759/cureus.44546. eCollection 2023 Sep.
Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scanning is a rapid and accurate noninvasive procedure utilized to measure bone mineral density (BMD) and diagnose osteoporosis. The primary objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of osteoporosis in different regions of the body using DEXA scanning in patients attending a tertiary care private hospital. Additionally, we aimed to raise awareness about approved diagnostic methods for osteoporosis.
For this retrospective study, a sample size of 384 participants was determined. The selection of participants was based on convenience sampling, considering their availability and accessibility. Data were collected from adult patients aged 18 years and above who underwent DEXA scanning. The information was compiled using Microsoft Excel, obtained from the patient's treating physicians, and evaluated by two medical graduates. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 26.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY).
The findings unveiled an overarching osteoporosis prevalence of 38.5%, accompanied by distinctive figures of 38.7%, 8.9%, and 38.4% in the lumbar, hip, and forearm regions, respectively. Furthermore, the occurrence of osteopenia was found in 33% of participants in the lumbar region, 35.1% in the hip region, and 39.7% in the forearm region. Additionally, no significant association was found between gender and overall osteoporosis prevalence, suggesting that the susceptibility to osteoporosis did not significantly differ between genders. Moreover, the study emphasized the variations in bone density across different skeletal regions, with the forearm region displaying the lowest mean T-score and Z-score.
The results of this study on osteoporosis prevalence in the lumbar, hip, and forearm regions indicate varying rates among these skeletal sites. Notably, both male and female patients demonstrated an equal susceptibility to developing osteoporosis. Interestingly, the forearm region emerged as the most common site for osteoporosis in males (34.6%), while the lumbar region was the most common in females (41.6%).
双能X线吸收法（DEXA）扫描是一种快速、准确的非侵入性检查方法，用于测量骨密度（BMD）并诊断骨质疏松症。本研究的主要目的是通过对一家三级私立医院的患者进行DEXA扫描，评估身体不同部位骨质疏松症的患病率。此外，我们旨在提高对骨质疏松症认可诊断方法的认识。
对于这项回顾性研究，确定了384名参与者的样本量。参与者的选择基于便利抽样，考虑到他们的可得性和可及性。数据收集自18岁及以上接受DEXA扫描的成年患者。信息使用Microsoft Excel进行整理，从患者的主治医生处获取，并由两名医学毕业生进行评估。使用IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0版（IBM公司，纽约州阿蒙克）进行统计分析。
研究结果显示总体骨质疏松症患病率为38.5%，腰椎、髋部和前臂区域的患病率分别为38.7%、8.9%和38.4%。此外，腰椎区域33%的参与者、髋部区域35.1%的参与者和前臂区域39.7%的参与者存在骨量减少。此外，未发现性别与总体骨质疏松症患病率之间存在显著关联，这表明男女患骨质疏松症的易感性没有显著差异。此外，该研究强调了不同骨骼区域骨密度的差异，前臂区域的平均T值和Z值最低。
本研究关于腰椎、髋部和前臂区域骨质疏松症患病率的结果表明，这些骨骼部位的患病率各不相同。值得注意的是，男性和女性患者患骨质疏松症的易感性相同。有趣的是，前臂区域是男性骨质疏松症最常见的部位（34.6%），而腰椎区域是女性最常见的部位（41.6%）。
