Department of Ophthalmology, Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Giza, Egypt.
Department of Ophthalmology, Qassim University Medical City, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia.
Pan Afr Med J. 2023 Jul 24;45:140. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2023.45.140.37326. eCollection 2023.
We report a case series of supernumerary puncta-canaliculi, a very rare congenital anomaly, and describe different clinical presentations and new treatment options. This is a retrospective chart review of patients diagnosed with supernumerary lacrimal puncta during the time between June 2015 and December 2021 at the Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Giza, Egypt. Four patients (two females and two males) with a mean presenting age of 54 ± 14 years had unilateral double puncta. Of those four patients, three had double puncta on the right lower eyelid whereas one had double puncta on the left upper and lower eyelid. In one of the three patients, the double puncta anomaly was an incidental finding, and the patient was asymptomatic. The other three patients had associated epiphora. All four patients were found to have patent double puncta with no mechanical obstruction. No surgical interventions were necessary for all four patients as one resolved after discontinuing the topical eye drops. Another patient resolved after the diagnostic probing of the puncta, and the third asymptomatic patient required no interventions. Epiphora in the fourth patient resolved with botulinum toxin injection in the lacrimal gland. Accessory lacrimal puncta can present in patients as an incidental asymptomatic finding or patients may present with epiphora. Patients who present with unilateral epiphora, dry eye, or canaliculitis should be carefully evaluated with a detailed slit-lamp examination using lid eversion to appreciate potentially easily missed supernumerary lacrimal puncta.
我们报告了一系列罕见的先天性异常——额外泪小点-小管的病例,并描述了不同的临床表现和新的治疗选择。这是对 2015 年 6 月至 2021 年 12 月期间在埃及吉萨眼科研究所被诊断为额外泪小点的患者进行的回顾性图表分析。四名患者(两女两男),平均发病年龄为 54 ± 14 岁,单侧出现双泪小点。这四名患者中,有三人的右眼下眼睑有双泪小点,而一人的左上、下眼睑有双泪小点。在这三人中,有一人的双泪小点异常是偶然发现的,患者无症状。其他三人有溢泪。所有四名患者的双泪小点均通畅无阻,无机械性阻塞。由于其中一名患者停止使用眼药水后症状缓解,所有四名患者均无需手术干预。另一名患者在对泪小点进行诊断性探查后症状缓解,无症状的第三名患者无需干预。第四例溢泪患者在泪腺注射肉毒杆菌毒素后缓解。副泪小点可能会以无症状的偶然发现出现在患者身上,也可能会导致患者出现溢泪。单侧溢泪、干眼症或泪小管炎的患者应仔细评估,使用眼睑翻转进行详细的裂隙灯检查,以发现可能容易被忽视的额外泪小点。