Cevallos-Solorzano G, Bailon-Moscoso N, Ordóñez-Delgado L, Jara P, Tomás G, Espinosa C I
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja Loja Ecuador.
Laboratorio de Ecología Tropical y Servicios Ecosistémicos (EcoSs-Lab) Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja Loja Ecuador.
Geohealth. 2023 Oct 2;7(10):e2022GH000774. doi: 10.1029/2022GH000774. eCollection 2023 Oct.
Multiple studies have shown that exposure to pollutants can increase genotoxic damage in different taxa. However, to our knowledge, the effects of environmental stress have been explored little. In certain stressful ecosystems, such as seasonally dry tropical forests, the combined effects of anthropogenic activities and ongoing global changes can cause an increase in environmental stresses, in turn, may trigger physiological and genetic effects on biodiversity. The present aims to assess changes in the prevalence of genotoxic damage in birds within three states of forest degradation in the Tumbesian Region of Western Ecuador. We used blood samples from 50 bird species to determine the frequency of micronucleus and nuclear abnormalities in erythrocytes. Our results revealed a significant impact of forest degradation on the occurrence probability of micronucleus and nuclear abnormalities at the community level. Localities with higher levels of degradation exhibited higher levels of abnormalities. However, when analyzing the dominant species, we found contrasting responses. While showed a reduction in the proportion of nuclear abnormalities from the natural to shrub-dominated localities and showed an increase for semi-natural and shrub-dominated respectively. We concluded that the degradation process of these tropical forests increases the stress of bird community generating genotoxic damage. Bird responses seem to be species-specific, which could explain the differences in changes in bird composition reported in other studies.
多项研究表明，接触污染物会增加不同生物分类群的遗传毒性损伤。然而，据我们所知，环境胁迫的影响很少被探究。在某些压力较大的生态系统中，如季节性干旱的热带森林，人为活动和持续的全球变化的综合影响会导致环境胁迫增加，进而可能引发对生物多样性的生理和遗传影响。本研究旨在评估厄瓜多尔西部通贝斯地区三种森林退化状态下鸟类遗传毒性损伤发生率的变化。我们使用了50种鸟类的血液样本，以确定红细胞中微核和核异常的频率。我们的结果显示，森林退化对群落水平上微核和核异常的发生概率有显著影响。退化程度较高的地区异常水平也较高。然而，在分析优势物种时，我们发现了不同的反应。虽然[物种1]从自然栖息地到灌木为主的栖息地核异常比例有所降低，而[物种2]在半自然栖息地和灌木为主的栖息地分别有所增加。我们得出结论，这些热带森林的退化过程增加了鸟类群落的压力，产生了遗传毒性损伤。鸟类的反应似乎具有物种特异性，这可以解释其他研究中报道的鸟类组成变化的差异。
