Department of Gastroenterology, Jinhua Wenrong Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China.
Department of Surgical Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Front Immunol. 2023 Sep 18;14:1237764. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1237764. eCollection 2023.
As one of the main threats to human life (the fourth most dangerous and prevalent cancer), colorectal cancer affects many people yearly, decreases patients' quality of life, and causes irreparable financial and social damages. In addition, this type of cancer can metastasize and involve the liver in advanced stages. However, current treatments can't completely eradicate this disease. Chemotherapy and subsequent surgery can be mentioned among the current main treatments for this disease. Chemotherapy has many side effects, and regarding the treatment of this type of tumor, chemotherapy can lead to liver damage, such as steatohepatitis, steatosis, and sinus damage. These damages can eventually lead to liver failure and loss of its functions. Therefore, it seems that other treatments can be used in addition to chemotherapy to increase its efficiency and reduce its side effects. Biological therapies and immunotherapy are one of the leading suggestions for combined treatment. Antibodies (immune checkpoint blockers) and cell therapy (DC and CAR-T cells) are among the immune system-based treatments used to treat tumors. Immunotherapy targets various aspects of the tumor that may lead to 1) the recruitment of immune cells, 2) increasing the immunogenicity of tumor cells, and 3) leading to the elimination of inhibitory mechanisms established by the tumor. Therefore, immunotherapy can be used as a complementary treatment along with chemotherapy. This review will discuss different chemotherapy and immunotherapy methods for colorectal cancer. Then we will talk about the studies that have dealt with combined treatment.
作为威胁人类生命的主要因素之一（第四大最危险和普遍的癌症），结直肠癌每年影响许多人，降低患者的生活质量，并造成不可挽回的经济和社会损失。此外，这种癌症可以转移并在晚期累及肝脏。然而，目前的治疗方法无法完全治愈这种疾病。化疗和随后的手术可以被提及作为这种疾病的主要治疗方法之一。化疗有许多副作用，而对于这种类型肿瘤的治疗，化疗会导致肝脏损伤，如脂肪性肝炎、脂肪变性和窦损伤。这些损伤最终可能导致肝功能衰竭和丧失功能。因此，似乎可以除化疗之外使用其他治疗方法来提高其效率并减少其副作用。生物疗法和免疫疗法是联合治疗的主要建议之一。抗体（免疫检查点抑制剂）和细胞疗法（DC 和 CAR-T 细胞）是用于治疗肿瘤的基于免疫系统的治疗方法之一。免疫疗法针对肿瘤的各个方面，这些方面可能导致 1）免疫细胞的募集，2）增加肿瘤细胞的免疫原性，和 3）导致肿瘤建立的抑制机制的消除。因此，免疫疗法可以与化疗一起作为辅助治疗。这篇综述将讨论结直肠癌的不同化疗和免疫疗法方法。然后，我们将讨论已经涉及联合治疗的研究。
