Strategic Research and Innovation Laboratories, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Front Immunol. 2024 Mar 12;15:1350208. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1350208. eCollection 2024.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer globally and presents a significant challenge owing to its high mortality rate and the limitations of traditional treatment options such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. While these treatments are foundational, they are often poorly effective owing to tumor resistance. Immunotherapy is a groundbreaking alternative that has recently emerged and offers new hope for success by exploiting the body's own immune system. This article aims to provide an extensive review of clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of various immunotherapies, including CRC vaccines, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapies, and immune checkpoint inhibitors. We also discuss combining CRC vaccines with monoclonal antibodies, delve into preclinical studies of novel cancer vaccines, and assess the impact of these treatment methods on patient outcomes. This review seeks to provide a deeper understanding of the current state of CRC treatment by evaluating innovative treatments and their potential to redefine the prognosis of patients with CRC.
结直肠癌（CRC）是全球第三大常见癌症，由于其高死亡率和手术、放疗和化疗等传统治疗选择的局限性，带来了巨大的挑战。尽管这些治疗方法是基础，但由于肿瘤耐药性，它们往往效果不佳。免疫疗法是一种新出现的突破性替代方法，通过利用人体自身的免疫系统，为成功带来了新的希望。本文旨在对评估各种免疫疗法（包括 CRC 疫苗、嵌合抗原受体 T 细胞疗法和免疫检查点抑制剂）疗效的临床试验进行广泛综述。我们还讨论了将 CRC 疫苗与单克隆抗体联合使用，深入研究新型癌症疫苗的临床前研究，并评估这些治疗方法对患者结局的影响。通过评估创新治疗方法及其改变 CRC 患者预后的潜力，本综述旨在更深入地了解 CRC 治疗的现状。
