Flexosomes 作为一种有前途的纳米平台,可增强托萘酯眼部递药:制剂、体外特性、统计优化、离体和体内微生物研究。

Flexosomes as a promising nanoplatform for enhancing tolnaftate ocular delivery: Formulation, in vitro characterization, statistical optimization, ex vivo and microbial in vivo studies.

机构信息

Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

出版信息

Int J Pharm. 2023 Nov 5;646:123471. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123471. Epub 2023 Oct 2.

Abstract

The eye is a complex organ with a unique physiology and anatomy. Using novel nanosystems is expected to enhance ocular drug permeation and retention. Hence, this work aimed to study the potential of flexosomes as an ocular delivery system to enhance the corneal permeation and antifungal activity of Tolnaftate (TOL). Different flexosomes formulae were formulated using ethanol injection method, employing a 3.2 full factorial design. The studied formulation variables were: X: amount of stearyl amine, X: hydration volume and X: type of edge activator. Encapsulation efficiency, particle size and zeta potential were selected as dependent variables. FX5 was selected as the optimal TOL flexosomes and showed encapsulation efficiency of 66.08 ± 11.38%, particle size of 154.99 ± 29.11 nm and zeta potential of 42.95 ± 0.64 mV. FX5 was subjected to further ex vivo and in vivo studies which showed that TOL flux was significantly increased through FX5 compared to TOL suspension. Draize test and histopatholoigal tests assured that FX5 is safe to be used for eye.. The in vivo fungal susceptibility testing using Aspergillus niger demonstrated the superior and more durable antifungal activity of FX5 than TOL suspension. Hence, FX5 can be considered as promising nanocarrier for safe and efficient ocular TOL delivery.

摘要

眼睛是一个具有独特生理学和解剖学的复杂器官。使用新型纳米系统有望增强眼部药物的渗透和保留。因此,本工作旨在研究 Flexosomes 作为眼部给药系统的潜力,以增强托萘酯(TOL)的角膜渗透和抗真菌活性。使用乙醇注入法,采用 3.2 全因子设计,制备了不同的 Flexosomes 配方。研究的配方变量为:X:硬脂胺的量,X:水合体积和 X:边缘活性剂的类型。包封效率、粒径和 zeta 电位被选为因变量。FX5 被选为最佳的 TOL Flexosomes,其包封效率为 66.08±11.38%,粒径为 154.99±29.11nm,zeta 电位为 42.95±0.64mV。FX5 进行了进一步的离体和体内研究,结果表明,与 TOL 混悬剂相比,TOL 通过 FX5 的通量显著增加。Draize 试验和组织病理学试验保证了 FX5 可安全用于眼部。使用黑曲霉进行的体内抗真菌药敏试验表明,FX5 的抗真菌活性优于 TOL 混悬剂,更持久。因此,FX5 可以被认为是一种有前途的安全有效的眼部 TOL 传递的纳米载体。

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