Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEyN), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMDP), Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CCT Mar del Plata, Moreno 3527 Piso 3, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina.
Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEyN), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMDP), Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CCT Mar del Plata, Moreno 3527 Piso 3, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción, Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM). CONICET-UNMDP. Centro de Asociación Simple Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC PBA), Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina.
Chemosphere. 2023 Dec;344:140345. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140345. Epub 2023 Oct 2.
Heavy metal pollution is becoming a worldwide problem affecting pollinators. The massive use of lead (Pb), the most harmful metal for the biosphere, in industries has increased the risk for honey bees. Pb exerts toxicity on living organisms inducing mainly oxidative stress. We assessed the toxicity and sublethal effects of Pb ingestion on protein content, catalase (CAT) activity, fat content and fatty acid (FA) profile of honey bee workers (Apis mellifera L.) under different nutritional conditions during chronic exposure tests. The LD was 15.13 ± 6.11 μg Pb/bee, similar to other reports. A single oral sublethal dose of 15 μg of Pb affected the survival of bees fed with sugary food for ten days after Pb ingestion while supplementing the diet with bee bread improved Pb tolerance. The highest protein content was found in bees fed with the sugar paste and bee bread diet without Pb. CAT activity tended to decrease in bees of Pb groups independently of diet. Fat content was not affected by the diet type received by bees or Pb ingestion, but the FAs profile varied according to the nutritional quality of the diet. The results highlight that a single sublethal dose of Pb negatively affected the body proteins of bees despite the nutritional condition but did not disturb the FAs profile of workers. Nutrition plays an important role in preventing Pb-induced toxicity in honey bees.
重金属污染正在成为一个影响传粉者的全球性问题。工业中大量使用对生物圈最有害的金属铅（Pb），增加了蜜蜂的风险。Pb 对生物体产生毒性，主要引起氧化应激。我们评估了在慢性暴露试验中，不同营养条件下 Pb 摄入对工蜂（Apis mellifera L.）蛋白质含量、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性、脂肪含量和脂肪酸（FA）谱的毒性和亚致死效应。LD 为 15.13±6.11μg Pb/bee，与其他报道相似。单次口服亚致死剂量 15μg Pb 会影响在 Pb 摄入后 10 天内喂食含糖食物的蜜蜂的存活率，而在饮食中补充蜂粮则可提高对 Pb 的耐受性。在未摄入 Pb 的情况下，喂食糖水和蜂粮的蜜蜂的蛋白质含量最高。CAT 活性无论饮食类型如何，在 Pb 组蜜蜂中均呈下降趋势。脂肪含量不受蜜蜂所接受的饮食类型的影响，但 FA 谱根据饮食的营养质量而变化。结果表明，尽管营养状况良好，但单次亚致死剂量的 Pb 会对蜜蜂的体蛋白产生负面影响，但不会干扰工蜂的 FA 谱。营养在预防蜜蜂 Pb 诱导的毒性方面起着重要作用。
