Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden.
Department of Medical Specialist, Motala, Sweden.
BMC Med. 2023 Oct 4;21(1):382. doi: 10.1186/s12916-023-03073-5.
Smoking continues to be a leading risk factor for several diseases globally. We hypothesised that an intervention delivered via text messages could help individuals who were looking to quit.
A two-arm, parallel-groups, randomised controlled trial was employed. Both groups received treatment as usual, with the intervention group also receiving a 12-week text messaging intervention. Participants were adult, weekly or more frequent smokers, recruited online and in primary health care centres. Research personnel were blinded, while participants were not. Primary outcomes were prolonged abstinence and point prevalence of abstinence, 3 and 6 months post-randomisation. All randomised participants were included in analyses.
Between 18 September 2020 and 16 June 2022, we randomised 1012 participants (intervention: 505, control: 507). Outcome data was available for 67% (n = 682) of participants at 3 months and 64% (n = 643) at 6 months. At 3 months, the odds ratio (OR) of prolonged abstinence was 2.15 (95% compatibility interval [CoI] = 1.51; 3.06, probability of effect [POE] > 99.9%, p < 0.0001), and for point prevalence of abstinence, it was 1.70 (95% CoI = 1.18; 2.44, POE = 99.8%, p = 0.0034) in favour of the text messaging intervention. At 6 months, the OR of prolonged abstinence was 2.38 (95% CoI = 1.62; 3.57, POE > 99.9%, p = < 0.0001), and for point prevalence, it was 1.49 (95% CoI = 1.03; 2.14, POE = 98.3%, p = 0.0349) in favour of the text messaging intervention. Analyses with imputed data were not markedly different.
Amongst general population help-seekers-who on average had smoked for 25 years-access to a 12-week text messaging intervention produced higher rates of self-reported smoking abstinence in comparison to treatment as usual only. The intervention could be part of the societal response to the burden which smoking causes; however, findings are limited by risk of bias due to attrition, self-reported outcomes, and lack of blinding.
The trial was preregistered in the ISRCTN registry on 27/07/2020 (ISRCTN13455271).
吸烟仍是导致全球多种疾病的主要危险因素之一。我们假设通过短信发送的干预措施可能有助于那些想要戒烟的人。
采用了双臂、平行组、随机对照试验。两组均接受常规治疗，干预组还接受为期 12 周的短信干预。参与者为成年、每周或更频繁吸烟的人，通过在线和初级保健中心招募。研究人员被设盲，而参与者没有。主要结局是延长戒烟和点戒烟率，随机分组后 3 个月和 6 个月。所有随机参与者均纳入分析。
2020 年 9 月 18 日至 2022 年 6 月 16 日，我们随机分配了 1012 名参与者（干预组：505 名，对照组：507 名）。3 个月时，67%（n=682）的参与者可获得结局数据，6 个月时，64%（n=643）的参与者可获得结局数据。3 个月时，延长戒烟的优势比（OR）为 2.15（95%置信区间[CI]1.51；3.06，效果概率[POE]>99.9%，p<0.0001），而点戒烟率的 OR 为 1.70（95% CI 1.18；2.44，POE=99.8%，p=0.0034），有利于短信干预。6 个月时，延长戒烟的 OR 为 2.38（95% CI 1.62；3.57，POE>99.9%，p<0.0001），而点戒烟率的 OR 为 1.49（95% CI 1.03；2.14，POE=98.3%，p=0.0349），有利于短信干预。使用插补数据的分析结果无明显差异。
在普通人群寻求帮助的人群中——平均吸烟 25 年——与仅接受常规治疗相比，获得为期 12 周的短信干预措施可提高自我报告的戒烟率。该干预措施可能是应对吸烟造成的负担的社会应对措施的一部分；然而，由于失访、自我报告结果和缺乏设盲，发现结果受到偏倚风险的限制。
该试验于 2020 年 7 月 27 日在 ISRCTN 登记处预先注册（ISRCTN8732501）。
