一般健康素养、与 COVID-19 相关的健康素养和保护行为：来自日本一项基于人群的研究证据。

General health literacy, COVID-19-related health literacy, and protective behaviors: evidence from a population-based study in Japan.

机构信息

Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.

Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.

出版信息

Front Public Health. 2023 Sep 18;11:1208815. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1208815. eCollection 2023.

DOI:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1208815

PMID:37794892

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10547581/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Health literacy (HL) can be regarded as a key element of non-pharmaceutical interventions used in emergency responses. The present study aimed to determine the associations of combinations of general HL and COVID-19-related HL with COVID-19 protective behaviors and healthy lifestyle behaviors.

METHODS

A questionnaire survey was conducted from December 2020 to January 2021 among residents in Japanese metropolitan areas. Valid responses were received from 1,443 residents. The levels of HL were categorized into four groups: low level in both HLs (reference), high level in general HL only, high level in COVID-19-related HL only, and high level in both HLs. The total scores of eight COVID-19 protective behaviors were dichotomized into low and high adherence. Healthy lifestyle behaviors included healthy and balanced diet, adequate sleep, and regular exercise. Poisson regression analyses were conducted to examine the associations between the HL groups and high adherence to COVID-19 protective behaviors.

RESULTS

High level in COVID-19-related HL only was associated with high adherence to COVID-19 protective behaviors [prevalence ratio (PR), 1.25; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.09-1.45], while high level in general HL only was associated with healthy and balanced diet (PR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.04-2.13), adequate sleep (PR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.02-2.10), and regular exercise (PR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.29-3.13). High level in both HLs showed the highest prevalence of high adherence to COVID-19 protective behaviors and healthy lifestyle behaviors.

CONCLUSION

These findings indicate that COVID-19-related HL and general HL can both be considered to enhance protective behaviors.

摘要

简介

健康素养（HL）可以被视为用于应对紧急情况的非药物干预措施的关键因素。本研究旨在确定一般 HL 和 COVID-19 相关 HL 的组合与 COVID-19 保护行为和健康生活方式行为之间的关联。

方法

2020 年 12 月至 2021 年 1 月，在日本大都市地区对居民进行了问卷调查。共收到 1443 名居民的有效回复。HL 水平分为四组：两种 HL 均处于低水平（参考组）、仅一般 HL 处于高水平、仅 COVID-19 相关 HL 处于高水平、两种 HL 均处于高水平。八种 COVID-19 保护行为的总分被分为低和高两个依从度。健康的生活方式行为包括健康均衡的饮食、充足的睡眠和定期锻炼。使用泊松回归分析来研究 HL 组与 COVID-19 保护行为高依从度之间的关联。

结果

仅 COVID-19 相关 HL 处于高水平与 COVID-19 保护行为高依从度相关（优势比[PR]，1.25；95%置信区间[CI]，1.09-1.45），而仅一般 HL 处于高水平与健康均衡的饮食（PR，1.49；95% CI，1.04-2.13）、充足的睡眠（PR，1.46；95% CI，1.02-2.10）和定期锻炼（PR，2.00；95% CI，1.29-3.13）相关。两种 HL 均处于高水平的人群具有最高的 COVID-19 保护行为和健康生活方式行为的高依从度。