Shibata Satoshi, Takemura Masahiro, Miyakawa Shumpei
Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2023 Oct 1;18(5):1085-1093. doi: 10.26603/001c.86124. eCollection 2023.
Lower neurocognitive function is a risk factor for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. However, the mechanism by which lower neurocognitive function increases the risk of ACL injury remains unclear.
To clarify the effect of differences in neurocognitive function on landing mechanics during a single-leg drop-jump landing motion followed by an unanticipated task.
Cross-sectional study.
Fifteen collegiate female athletes were recruited (20.1 ± 1.3 years, 166.6 ± 7.3 cm, 60.6 ± 6.9 kg) and were divided into two groups (the high-performance (HP) group and the lower-performance (LP) group) using the median Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) score. Three-dimensional motion analysis was employed for the analysis during the experimental task of a single-leg drop-jump followed by an unanticipated landing task from a 30-cm high box. Joint angular changes of the trunk, pelvis, hip, and knee were calculated within the interval from initial contact (IC) to 40ms. Knee and hip moments were calculated as the maximum values within the interval from IC to 40ms. Surface electromyography data from key muscles were analyzed 50ms before and after IC. Independent t-tests were used to compare the effects of different neurocognitive function on the measurement items. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
The SDMT score was significantly higher in HP group (HP: 77.9 ± 5.5; LP: 66.0 ± 3.4; p < 0.001). The LP group had a significantly greater trunk rotation angular change to the stance leg side (HP: 0.4 ± 0.8; LP: 1.2 ± 0.4; p = 0.020). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of joint moments, and muscle activities.
Differences in neurocognitive function by SDMT were found to be related to differences in motor strategies of the trunk in the horizontal plane. Although trunk motion in the sagittal and frontal planes during single-leg drop-jump landing increases the ACL injury risk by affecting knee joint motion, the effect of trunk motion in the horizontal plane remains unclear.
3© The Authors.
较低的神经认知功能是前交叉韧带（ACL）损伤的一个风险因素。然而，较低的神经认知功能增加ACL损伤风险的机制仍不清楚。
阐明神经认知功能差异对单腿跳箱落地动作后紧接着一项意外任务时落地力学的影响。
横断面研究。
招募了15名大学女运动员（年龄20.1±1.3岁，身高166.6±7.3厘米，体重60.6±6.9千克），并根据符号数字模态测验（SDMT）得分中位数将她们分为两组（高性能（HP）组和低性能（LP）组）。在从30厘米高的箱子进行单腿跳箱紧接着意外落地任务的实验过程中，采用三维运动分析。计算从初始接触（IC）到40毫秒时间段内躯干、骨盆、髋部和膝部的关节角度变化。计算从IC到40毫秒时间段内的膝关节和髋关节力矩的最大值。在IC前后50毫秒分析关键肌肉的表面肌电图数据。使用独立样本t检验比较不同神经认知功能对测量项目的影响。设定统计学显著性水平为p<0.05。
HP组的SDMT得分显著更高（HP：77.9±5.5；LP：66.0±3.4；p<0.001）。LP组向支撑腿侧的躯干旋转角度变化显著更大（HP：0.4±0.8；LP：1.2±0.4；p=0.020）。两组在关节力矩和肌肉活动方面没有显著差异。
发现通过SDMT测得的神经认知功能差异与躯干在水平面内运动策略的差异有关。虽然单腿跳箱落地时矢状面和额状面内的躯干运动会通过影响膝关节运动增加ACL损伤风险，但躯干在水平面内运动的影响仍不清楚。
3©作者。
