Laboratory of Cell Toxicology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Badji-Mokhtar, Annaba University, Annaba, Algeria.
Physiol Res. 2023 Aug 31;72(4):455-463. doi: 10.33549/physiolres.935125.
Accidents with venomous bees are a serious worldwide health concern. Since the kidney has been reported as the main venom-target organ, the present study was undertaken to investigate the in vivo nephrotoxic effect of Algerian bee venom (ABV) (Apis mellifera intermissa) collected in the middle east of Algeria. A preliminary study was performed on ABV to identify the ABV using SDS-PAGE analysis and to determine the in vivo intraperitoneal median lethal dose (LD50) using the Probit analysis test. In vivo nephrotoxic effect was assessed through the determination of physiological and kidney biochemical markers in mice intraperitoneally injected with ABV at doses of 0.76 (D1); 1.14 (D2) and 2.29 mg/kg body weight (bwt) (D3), corresponding respectively to LD50/15, LD50/10, and LD50/5 (i.p. LD50=11.48 mg/kg bwt) for seven consecutive days. Results revealed a marked decrease in body weight gain and food intake, and an increase in absolute and relative kidney weights in ABV D2 and D3 treated mice compared with controls. Furthermore, ABV D2 and D3 resulted in a significant increase in serum creatinine, urea, and uric acid. ABV-induced oxidative stress was evidenced by a significant increase in kidney MDA level, and a significant depletion in kidney GSH level, and catalase activity. Meanwhile, no marked changes in the above-mentioned parameters were noticed in ABV D1. Accordingly, the adverse nephrotoxic effect of ABV was proved by the dose-dependent kidney histological changes. In summary, the results of the present study evidence that ABV at doses of 1.14 (D2) and 2.28 mg/kg body weight (bwt) can cause marked changes in kidney biochemical and major antioxidant markers, and histological architecture.
被有毒蜜蜂蜇伤是一个严重的全球性健康问题。由于肾脏已被报道为主要的毒液靶器官,因此本研究旨在研究从阿尔及利亚中部采集的阿尔及利亚蜜蜂毒液(ABV)(Apis mellifera intermissa)对体内肾脏的毒性作用。我们首先对 ABV 进行了初步研究,通过 SDS-PAGE 分析鉴定 ABV,并通过概率分析试验测定体内腹腔内半数致死剂量(LD50)。通过测定腹腔注射 ABV(剂量分别为 0.76(D1);1.14(D2)和 2.29mg/kg 体重(bwt)(D3))的小鼠的生理和肾脏生化标志物,评估体内肾毒性效应,这三个剂量分别相当于 LD50/15、LD50/10 和 LD50/5(腹腔 LD50=11.48mg/kg bwt),连续 7 天。结果表明,与对照组相比,ABV D2 和 D3 处理的小鼠体重增加和食物摄入明显减少,绝对和相对肾脏重量增加。此外,ABV D2 和 D3 导致血清肌酐、尿素和尿酸显著增加。ABV 诱导的氧化应激表现为肾脏 MDA 水平显著升高,GSH 水平和过氧化氢酶活性显著降低。同时,在 ABV D1 中未观察到上述参数的显著变化。因此,ABV 的肾脏毒性作用是剂量依赖性的,这是由肾脏组织学变化证明的。总之,本研究结果表明,ABV 剂量为 1.14(D2)和 2.28mg/kg 体重(bwt)时,可引起肾脏生化和主要抗氧化标志物以及组织学结构的显著变化。