School of Behavioral Sciences, Academic College of Tel-Aviv-Yaffo.
Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center.
Psychol Trauma. 2024 Oct;16(7):1083-1091. doi: 10.1037/tra0001592. Epub 2023 Oct 5.
Childbirth can be a stressful event that leads to the development of acute stress. However, little is known about postpartum acute stress among mothers and even less among fathers. The current study aims to expand the understanding of postpartum acute stress symptoms by examining associations with dispositional optimism, subjective birth satisfaction, and social support in a moderated-mediation model.
Participants comprised 567 mothers and 109 fathers who gave/were present at birth, sampled at the maternity ward of a tertiary healthcare center. Self-report questionnaires were distributed a few days postpartum: demographic and obstetric information, dispositional optimism (Life Orientation Test-Revised), birth satisfaction (Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised), social support (the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support), and acute stress symptoms (National Stressful Events Survey Acute Stress Disorder Short Scale).
For mothers, birth satisfaction mediated the association between dispositional optimism and acute stress, and social support moderated the association between birth satisfaction and acute stress for all levels of social support ( = .14, = .05, CI [.05 to .23]). For fathers, a similar moderated-mediation occurred; however, at high levels of social support, the association between birth satisfaction and acute stress became insignificant ( = .17, = .08, CI [.02 to .32]; index of moderated-mediation = .08, [-.07 to .22]).
Optimism through birth satisfaction may reduce acute stress levels following childbirth among parents, while different effects of social support for fathers and mothers were discovered. For fathers, high levels of social support were found to eliminate the association between birth satisfaction and acute stress and therefore buffer the development of postpartum acute stress symptoms. This study took place in one healthcare center with mostly Jewish participants; further studies are thus needed for better generalization. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
分娩是一件充满压力的事情，它可能导致急性应激的发生。然而，人们对母亲产后急性应激知之甚少，对父亲产后急性应激的了解则更少。本研究旨在通过在一个调节中介模型中检查与特质性乐观、主观分娩满意度和社会支持的关联，来扩展对产后急性应激症状的理解。
研究对象为在一家三级保健中心的产房分娩或陪产的 567 名母亲和 109 名父亲。产后几天，通过自填问卷的方式发放了人口统计学和产科信息、特质性乐观（生活取向测验修订版）、分娩满意度（分娩满意度量表修订版）、社会支持（多维感知社会支持量表）和急性应激症状（国家应激事件调查急性应激障碍短量表）。
对于母亲，特质性乐观与急性应激之间的关联通过分娩满意度来介导，而社会支持调节了分娩满意度与急性应激之间的关联，在所有社会支持水平上都是如此（ =.14， =.05，CI [.05 至.23]）。对于父亲，也发生了类似的调节中介作用；然而，在高社会支持水平下，分娩满意度与急性应激之间的关联变得不显著（ =.17， =.08，CI [.02 至.32]；调节中介指数 =.08，[-.07 至.22]）。
通过分娩满意度实现的乐观可能会降低父母产后的急性应激水平，而对父亲和母亲的社会支持则有不同的影响。对于父亲，高社会支持水平被发现消除了分娩满意度与急性应激之间的关联，从而缓冲了产后急性应激症状的发展。本研究在一家主要有犹太参与者的保健中心进行，因此需要进一步的研究以更好地推广。（APA，所有权利保留）。
