RECOVER Injury Research Centre and National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Centre for Research Excellence: Better Health Outcomes After Compensable Injury, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Centre for Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
PLoS One. 2023 Oct 5;18(10):e0292629. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292629. eCollection 2023.
Whiplash associated disorders (WAD) are the most common non-hospitalised injuries resulting from a motor vehicle crash. Half of individuals with WAD experience ongoing pain and disability. Furthermore, individuals with persistent WAD have lower levels of aerobic capacity and isometric strength compared with age-matched controls. It is not known whether these differences are associated with increased levels of pain and disability, or with reduced physical activity (PA) participation.
Our primary aim was to compare PA levels in individuals with persistent WAD with healthy controls. Secondary aims were to: compare objective and subjective measurements of PA; explore factors that may influence PA; and describe proportions of these populations meeting World Health Organisation PA guidelines.
Objective (ActiGraph accelerometer; seven days) and subjective (International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)) PA data were collected for n = 53 age-matched participants (WAD n = 28; controls n = 25).
Independent sample t-tests showed no significant difference in objectively measured PA (p>0.05) between WAD and controls. For the subjective measure (IPAQ), controls reported more overall weekly PA (t = 0.219, p<0.05), while WAD participants reported more weekly walking minutes (t = -0.712, p<0.05). Linear regression showed mental health quality-of-life predicted objectively measured moderate intensity PA (R2 = 0.225, F (2, 44) = 6.379, p<0.004) and subjectively reported overall PA (R2 = 0.132, F (1, 41) = 6.226, p<0.017). Bland-Altman analyses indicated that subjects over-reported MVPA and under-reported sedentary time using the IPAQ.
Individuals with WAD had levels of physical and mental health quality-of-life significantly lower than controls and below population norms yet participated in similar levels of PA. Given that increased perceptions of mental health quality-of-life were positively associated with objectively measured MVPA and subjectively reported overall PA, strategies to help people with WAD achieve adequate doses of MVPA may be beneficial. ActiGraph-measured and IPAQ-reported PA were discordant. Hence, IPAQ may not be a reliable measure of habitual PA in WAD.
挥鞭样损伤相关疾病（WAD）是机动车事故导致的最常见的非住院损伤。一半的 WAD 患者会持续出现疼痛和残疾。此外，与年龄匹配的对照组相比，持续性 WAD 患者的有氧运动能力和等长力量水平较低。目前尚不清楚这些差异是否与疼痛和残疾程度增加有关，或者与体力活动（PA）参与度降低有关。
我们的主要目的是比较持续性 WAD 患者与健康对照组的 PA 水平。次要目的是：比较 PA 的客观和主观测量；探讨可能影响 PA 的因素；并描述这些人群中符合世界卫生组织 PA 指南的比例。
对 n = 53 名年龄匹配的参与者（WAD n = 28；对照组 n = 25）进行了客观（ActiGraph 加速度计；七天）和主观（国际体力活动问卷（IPAQ））PA 数据收集。
独立样本 t 检验显示 WAD 组和对照组之间的客观测量 PA 无显著差异（p>0.05）。对于主观测量（IPAQ），对照组报告的每周总 PA 更多（t = 0.219，p<0.05），而 WAD 组报告的每周步行时间更多（t = -0.712，p<0.05）。线性回归显示心理健康生活质量预测客观测量的中等强度 PA（R2 = 0.225，F（2, 44）= 6.379，p<0.004）和主观报告的总 PA（R2 = 0.132，F（1, 41）= 6.226，p<0.017）。Bland-Altman 分析表明，使用 IPAQ，受试者高估了 MVPA，低估了久坐时间。
WAD 患者的身心健康生活质量水平明显低于对照组和人群正常值，但参与的 PA 水平相似。鉴于心理健康生活质量的提高与客观测量的 MVPA 和主观报告的总 PA 呈正相关，帮助 WAD 患者达到足够剂量的 MVPA 的策略可能是有益的。ActiGraph 测量和 IPAQ 报告的 PA 不一致。因此，IPAQ 可能不是 WAD 习惯性 PA 的可靠测量方法。
