Western University, Department of Psychology, London, ON, Canada; Western University, Brain and Mind Institute, London, ON, Canada.
Western University, Department of Psychology, London, ON, Canada; Western University, Brain and Mind Institute, London, ON, Canada.
J Commun Disord. 2023 Nov-Dec;106:106381. doi: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106381. Epub 2023 Sep 27.
There is an emerging view that attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is marked by problems with language difficulties, an idea reinforced by the fact that ADHD is highly comorbid with developmental language disorder (DLD). This scoping review provides an overview of literature on language abilities in children with DLD and ADHD while highlighting similarities and differences.
A comprehensive search was performed to examine the literature on language abilities in the two disorders, yielding a total of 18 articles that met the inclusion criteria for the present review. Qualitative summaries are provided based on the language domain assessed.
The current literature suggests children and adolescents with ADHD have better morphosyntax/grammar, general/core language abilities, receptive, and expressive abilities than those with DLD. Further, that performance is comparable on assessments of semantic and figurative language but varies by sample on assessments of phonological processing, syntax, narrative language, and vocabulary.
Evidence presented points to children and adolescents with DLD as having greater language difficulties compared to those with ADHD, but with some important caveats. Despite limitations related to the paucity of studies and inconsistencies in how the two types of disorders are identified, our review provides a necessary and vital step in better understanding the language profiles of these two highly prevalent childhood disorders. These findings are useful in optimizing language outcomes and treatment efficacy for children and adolescents with ADHD and DLD.
有一种新观点认为，注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的特征是语言困难，而 ADHD 与发育性语言障碍（DLD）高度共病这一事实进一步强化了这一观点。本范围综述概述了关于 DLD 和 ADHD 儿童语言能力的文献，同时强调了相似之处和不同之处。
进行了全面检索，以检查这两种疾病语言能力的文献，共获得了 18 篇符合本综述纳入标准的文章。根据评估的语言领域提供了定性总结。
目前的文献表明，ADHD 儿童和青少年在形态句法/语法、一般/核心语言能力、接受和表达能力方面优于 DLD 儿童和青少年。此外，在语义和比喻语言评估上的表现相当，但在语音处理、句法、叙事语言和词汇评估上因样本而异。
提出的证据表明，与 ADHD 儿童相比，DLD 儿童的语言困难更大，但也存在一些重要的警告。尽管存在研究数量有限以及两种类型的疾病如何识别的不一致性等局限性，但我们的综述在更好地了解这两种高度流行的儿童疾病的语言特征方面迈出了必要且至关重要的一步。这些发现对于优化 ADHD 和 DLD 儿童的语言结果和治疗效果非常有用。
