Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), Physiopathologie et Génétique du Neurone et du Muscle (PGNM), Université Claude Bernard Lyon, Lyon, France.
Physiol Rep. 2023 Oct;11(19):e15798. doi: 10.14814/phy2.15798.
After injury, skeletal muscle regenerates thanks to the key role of satellite cells (SC). The regeneration process is supported and coordinated by other cell types among which immune cells. Among the mechanisms involved in skeletal muscle regeneration, a sexual dimorphism, involving sex hormones and more particularly estrogens, has been suggested. However, the role of sexual dimorphism on skeletal muscle regeneration is not fully understood, likely to the use of various experimental settings in both animals and human. This review aims at addressing how sex and estrogens regulate both the SC and the inflammatory response during skeletal muscle regeneration by considering the different experimental designs used in both animal models (i.e., ovarian hormone deficiency, estrogen replacement or supplementation, treatments with estrogen receptors agonists/antagonists and models knockout for estrogen receptors) and human (hormone therapy replacement, pre vs. postmenopausal, menstrual cycle variation…).
受伤后，卫星细胞（SC）起着关键作用，骨骼肌得以再生。其他细胞类型，包括免疫细胞，也支持和协调着再生过程。在涉及骨骼肌再生的机制中，已经提出了一种性别二态性，涉及性激素，特别是雌激素。然而，性别二态性对骨骼肌再生的作用尚不完全清楚，这可能与在动物和人类中使用各种不同的实验设置有关。本综述旨在通过考虑在动物模型（即卵巢激素缺乏、雌激素替代或补充、雌激素受体激动剂/拮抗剂治疗以及雌激素受体敲除模型）和人类（激素治疗替代、绝经前 vs. 绝经后、月经周期变化等）中使用的不同实验设计，探讨性别和雌激素如何调节骨骼肌再生过程中的 SC 和炎症反应。
