Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
The Second Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Front Immunol. 2023 Sep 20;14:1251645. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1251645. eCollection 2023.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) modulate the body's immune function to treat tumors but may also induce pneumonitis. Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis (ICIP) is a serious immune-related adverse event (irAE). Immunotherapy is currently approved as a first-line treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the incidence of ICIP in NSCLC patients can be as high as 5%-19% in clinical practice. ICIP can be severe enough to lead to the death of NSCLC patients, but there is a lack of a gold standard for the diagnosis of ICIP. Radiomics is a method that uses computational techniques to analyze medical images (e.g., CT, MRI, PET) and extract important features from them, which can be used to solve classification and regression problems in the clinic. Radiomics has been applied to predict and identify ICIP in NSCLC patients in the hope of transforming clinical qualitative problems into quantitative ones, thus improving the diagnosis and treatment of ICIP. In this review, we summarize the pathogenesis of ICIP and the process of radiomics feature extraction, review the clinical application of radiomics in ICIP of NSCLC patients, and discuss its future application prospects.
免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs）调节机体免疫功能以治疗肿瘤，但也可能诱发肺炎。免疫检查点抑制剂相关肺炎（ICIP）是一种严重的免疫相关不良事件（irAE）。免疫疗法目前被批准用于非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的一线治疗，在临床实践中，NSCLC 患者发生 ICIP 的比例高达 5%-19%。ICIP 严重时可导致 NSCLC 患者死亡，但目前缺乏 ICIP 的金标准诊断方法。放射组学是一种利用计算技术分析医学图像（如 CT、MRI、PET）并从中提取重要特征的方法，可用于解决临床中的分类和回归问题。放射组学已被应用于预测和识别 NSCLC 患者的 ICIP，以期将临床定性问题转化为定量问题，从而改善 ICIP 的诊断和治疗。本综述总结了 ICIP 的发病机制和放射组学特征提取过程，回顾了放射组学在 NSCLC 患者 ICIP 中的临床应用，并探讨了其未来的应用前景。
