Zong Yuhang, Yao Peifan, Zhang Xihua, Wang Jie, Song Xiaolong, Zhao Jun, Wang Zhaolong, Zheng Yang
School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China.
School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China; School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
Waste Manag. 2023 Oct 4;171:463-472. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.09.039.
With the rapid growth of electric vehicles in China, the number of spent power lithium-ion batteries is dramatically increased. Considering the environmental risk, security risk, and potential resource value, China has issued a series of laws and regulations to manage the spent power lithium-ion batteries. This work employs the material flow analysis method to evaluate the material flows of Li, Ni, Co, and Mn during the life cycle of power lithium-ion batteries under the framework of China's recycling policy system. The results show that the demand for primary Li, Ni, Co, and Mn can achieve 26.9, 68.1, 20.4, and 21.9 kt in 2021, and a lot of primary critical resources will inburst the in-use stage. Moreover, the number of secondary Li, Ni, Co, and Mn can achieve 6.1, 15.4, 4.6, and 5 kt in 2021, accounting for 22.7%, 22.6%, 22.5%, and 22.8% of their corresponding demand. Based on the economic evaluation under the framework of China's recycling policy system, it is found that the potential recycling values of Li, Ni, Co, and Mn are approximately 966, 523, 414, and 43 million RMB yuan, which are 66.4%, 71%, 59.6%, and 66.4% higher than those in the absence of China's recycling policy system. It is implied that China's recycling policy system could markedly improve the collection rate by reducing losses and indirectly enhancing the recycling and reuse of spent power lithium-ion batteries. This work is expected to provide guidance for policymakers to improve the management of spent power lithium-ion batteries in China.
随着中国电动汽车的快速增长，废旧动力锂离子电池的数量急剧增加。考虑到环境风险、安全风险和潜在的资源价值，中国已出台一系列法律法规来管理废旧动力锂离子电池。本研究采用物质流分析方法，在中国回收政策体系框架下，评估动力锂离子电池生命周期中锂、镍、钴和锰的物质流。结果表明，2021年原生锂、镍、钴和锰的需求量分别可达26.9、68.1、20.4和21.9千吨，大量原生关键资源将涌入使用阶段。此外，2021年次生锂、镍、钴和锰的数量分别可达6.1、15.4、4.6和5千吨，分别占其相应需求量的22.7%、22.6%、22.5%和22.8%。基于中国回收政策体系框架下的经济评估发现，锂、镍、钴和锰的潜在回收价值分别约为9.66亿、5.23亿、4.14亿和4300万元人民币，比没有中国回收政策体系时分别高出66.4%、71%、59.6%和66.4%。这意味着中国的回收政策体系可以通过减少损失显著提高回收率，并间接促进废旧动力锂离子电池的回收和再利用。本研究有望为政策制定者改善中国废旧动力锂离子电池的管理提供指导。
