Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7054, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden.
Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7054, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden; AniCura Albano Small Animal Hospital, Rinkebyvägen 21, 182 36 Danderyd, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7054, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden.
Prev Vet Med. 2023 Nov;220:106034. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.106034. Epub 2023 Sep 29.
Patellar luxation (PL) is a common orthopaedic condition in dogs. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence and cause-specific mortality rate, age at diagnosis, and risk factors for medial PL (MPL), lateral PL (LPL), and bidirectional PL (BPL). Other diagnoses in dogs with PL were also explored. The study population included just over 600,000 dogs insured by Agria Pet Insurance in Sweden (2011-2016). There were 2726 dogs with PL. Medial patellar luxation affected 90 % of the dogs with PL, followed by LPL (5.9 %), BPL (2.4 %), and unspecified PL (1.6 %). The median age at first diagnosis during the study period was 2.8 years for MPL, 2.7 years for LPL, and 1.5 years for BPL. In total, 168 (6.2 %) of the dogs with PL had cruciate ligament rupture. There were substantial breed-specific differences in the risk of PL: almost all breeds at increased risk of MPL were small-sized, while several of the breeds at increased risk of LPL were large-sized. The breeds at high risk of BPL varied in size. Females had an increased risk of MPL (RR 1.2, 95 % CI: 1.1-1.3, p < 0.001) and a decreased risk of LPL (RR 0.72, 95 % CI: 0.51-1.0, p = 0.042) compared to males. In total, 116 dogs were euthanised due to PL and the breeds with the highest risk of PL-related euthanasia were the Pyrenean mountain dog, Dogue de Bordeaux, and German pinscher. The median age for PL-related euthanasia was 2.2 years.
髌骨脱位（PL）是犬科动物常见的骨科疾病。本研究旨在评估内侧 PL（MPL）、外侧 PL（LPL）和双向 PL（BPL）的发病率、特定原因死亡率、诊断年龄和风险因素，以及探讨 PL 犬的其他诊断。研究人群包括瑞典 Agria 宠物保险公司承保的 60 多万只狗（2011-2016 年）。有 2726 只狗患有 PL。内侧髌骨脱位影响了 90%的 PL 犬，其次是外侧髌骨脱位（5.9%）、双向髌骨脱位（2.4%）和未特指的髌骨脱位（1.6%）。研究期间首次诊断的中位数年龄为 MPL 为 2.8 岁，LPL 为 2.7 岁，BPL 为 1.5 岁。共有 168 只（6.2%）PL 犬患有十字韧带断裂。在 PL 的风险方面存在着显著的品种特异性差异：几乎所有患 MPL 风险增加的品种都是小型犬，而一些患 LPL 风险增加的品种则是大型犬。患 BPL 风险较高的品种大小不一。与雄性相比，雌性患 MPL 的风险增加（RR 1.2，95%CI：1.1-1.3，p<0.001），患 LPL 的风险降低（RR 0.72，95%CI：0.51-1.0，p=0.042）。共有 116 只狗因 PL 而被安乐死，PL 相关安乐死风险最高的品种是比利牛斯牧羊犬、波尔多犬和德国平犬。PL 相关安乐死的中位数年龄为 2.2 岁。
