Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan; Center of Excellence for Ocean Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, Taiwan; Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, Taiwan.
Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2023 Nov;142:109134. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109134. Epub 2023 Oct 4.
In this study, the immunomodulatory and antioxidant activity of fermented Caulerpa microphysa byproduct (FCMB) by Bacillus subtilis was evaluated, and its potential as a feed additive for white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) was explored. In vitro experiments showed that the FCMB supernatant contained polysaccharides, polyphenols and flavonoids, and exhibited antioxidant properties as assessed by various antioxidant assays. Additionally, the FCMB supernatant was found to increase the production rate of reactive oxygen species and the activity of phenoloxidase in hemocytes in vitro. Furthermore, the results of the in vivo feeding trial showed that dietary 5 g kg FCMB significantly improved the weight gain and specific growth rate of white shrimp after 56 days of feeding. Although there were no significant differences in total hemocyte count, phagocytosis, superoxide anion production rate, and phenoloxidase activity among the experimental groups, upregulation of immune-related genes was observed, particularly in the hepatopancreas and hemocytes of shrimps fed with 5 g or 50 g FCMB per kg feed, respectively. In the pathogen challenge assay, white shrimp fed with 5 % FCMB exhibited a higher survival rate compared to the control group following Vibrio parahaemolyticus challenge. Therefore, it is concluded that the fermented byproduct of C. microphysa, FCMB, holds potential as a feed additive for enhancing the growth performance and disease resistance against V. parahaemolyticus in white shrimp.
在这项研究中，评估了枯草芽孢杆菌发酵的小叶马尾藻副产物（FCMB）的免疫调节和抗氧化活性，并探讨了其作为凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）饲料添加剂的潜力。体外实验表明，FCMB 上清液中含有多糖、多酚和类黄酮，并通过各种抗氧化测定评估了其抗氧化特性。此外，FCMB 上清液被发现能够增加体外血细胞中原发性氧物种的产生速率和酚氧化酶的活性。此外，体内饲养试验的结果表明，在 56 天的饲养后，饲料中添加 5 g/kg 的 FCMB 可显著提高凡纳滨对虾的增重率和特定生长率。尽管实验组之间的总血细胞计数、吞噬作用、超氧阴离子产生速率和酚氧化酶活性没有显著差异，但观察到免疫相关基因的上调，特别是在分别用 5 g/kg 或 50 g/kg FCMB 喂养的虾的肝胰腺和血细胞中。在病原体攻毒试验中，与对照组相比，在受到副溶血弧菌攻毒后，饲料中添加 5%的 FCMB 的凡纳滨对虾的存活率更高。因此，可以得出结论，发酵的小叶马尾藻副产物 FCMB 有潜力作为饲料添加剂，提高凡纳滨对虾的生长性能和对副溶血弧菌的抗病能力。
