Antiviral opportunities of Mannich bases derived from triterpenic N-propargylated indoles.

Oleanolic and glycyrrhetic acids alkyne derivatives were synthesized as a result of propargylation of the indole NH-group condensed with the triterpene A-ring, the following aminomethylation led to a series of Mannich bases. The synthesized compounds were tested for their potential inhibition of influenza A/PuertoRico/8/34 (H1N1) virus in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell culture and SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus in baby hamster kidney-21-human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (BHK-21-hACE2) cells. Mannich bases of oleanolic and glycyrrhetic acids N-propargylated indoles 7, 8, and 12 were the most efficacious against influenza virus A with IC 7-10 μM together with a low toxicity (CC  > 145 μM) and high selectivity index SI value 20. Indolo-oleanolic acid morpholine amide Mannich base holding N-methylpiperazine moiety 9 showed anti-SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus activity with EC value of 14.8 μM. Molecular docking and dynamics modeling investigated the binding mode of the compounds 7 and 12 into the binding pocket of influenza A virus M2 protein and compound 9 into the RBD domain of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein.