Department of Psychology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada.
Department of Psychology, McGill University, 2001 McGill College Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 1G1, Canada.
Appetite. 2023 Dec 1;191:107075. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.107075. Epub 2023 Oct 5.
The "Compensatory Health Beliefs" scale assesses the degree to which one believes that unhealthy behaviours can be compensated through healthier ones. However, no validated scale to assess compensatory weight-related behaviors exists. The study's objective was to develop (Study 1) and validate (Study 2) a questionnaire measuring compensatory health motivations and behaviors (CHMB) and to assess their associations with body mass index (BMI) and psychological weight-related measures. An initial 34-item measure was constructed based on a target sample's (Study 1, n = 158) suggestions and refined based on expert feedback. The measure was then tested in a representative Canadian adult sample (N = 1400, 48.7% male). The sample was stratified by sex and age and then randomly split into two (N = 701 for exploratory factor analysis; N = 699 for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) cross-validation). Fit indices, standardized Cronbach's alphas and the associations between the CHMB model with cognitive restraint, weight concerns, and BMI were assessed in multiple linear regression models controlling for age and sex. The final CHMB model (n = 17 items) consisted of four subscales: (1) motivation, (2) use on special occasions, (3) general use, (4) compensatory health beliefs. Fit indices (Goodness of Fit Index = 0.922) and Cronbach's alphas were good (α = 0.88). In multiple linear regression models, all CHMB subscales were associated with greater cognitive restraint in eating. Compensatory behavior use on special occasions was associated with greater weight concern (B = 0.12, p < .0001), while general compensatory behavior use was associated with lower weight concern (B = -0.07, p < .05). None of the subscales were associated with BMI. The validated CHMB scale allows for the assessment of compensatory health motivations and behaviors in a Canadian population. Research on whether this scale can predict weight changes and general health is needed.
“补偿性健康信念”量表评估一个人认为不健康行为可以通过更健康的行为来补偿的程度。然而，目前还没有经过验证的评估补偿性体重相关行为的量表。本研究的目的是开发（研究 1）和验证（研究 2）一种测量补偿性健康动机和行为（CHMB）的问卷，并评估它们与体重指数（BMI）和心理体重相关测量的关联。最初的 34 项措施是根据目标样本（研究 1，n=158）的建议构建的，并根据专家反馈进行了改进。然后，在一个具有代表性的加拿大成年样本（n=1400，48.7%为男性）中对该措施进行了测试。该样本按性别和年龄分层，然后随机分为两组（n=701 用于探索性因素分析；n=699 用于验证性因素分析（CFA）交叉验证）。在多个线性回归模型中，使用拟合指数、标准化克朗巴赫α和 CHMB 模型与认知约束、体重担忧和 BMI 之间的关联进行评估，同时控制年龄和性别。最终的 CHMB 模型（n=17 项）由四个分量表组成：（1）动机，（2）特殊场合使用，（3）一般使用，（4）补偿性健康信念。拟合指数（拟合优度指数=0.922）和克朗巴赫α较好（α=0.88）。在多元线性回归模型中，所有 CHMB 分量表都与更大的进食认知约束相关。特殊场合使用补偿性行为与更大的体重担忧相关（B=0.12，p<0.0001），而一般补偿性行为使用与较低的体重担忧相关（B=-0.07，p<0.05）。没有一个分量表与 BMI 相关。经过验证的 CHMB 量表可以评估加拿大人群的补偿性健康动机和行为。需要研究该量表是否可以预测体重变化和整体健康。
