Abdullah Mohd Faizal, Abdul Rahman Shaifulizan, Fauzi Fattirah Auni
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, MYS.
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, MYS.
Cureus. 2023 Sep 7;15(9):e44832. doi: 10.7759/cureus.44832. eCollection 2023 Sep.
Oral manifestations may be the earliest indicators of HIV infection as it has strong association with oral candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia, linear gingival erythema, necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis, Kaposi sarcoma, and lymphoma. Other conditions such as diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome, benign lymphoepithelial cyst, and salivary gland neoplasm have also been reported in HIV patients. Ranulas are caused by salivary leakage from the sublingual gland as a result of ductal obstruction or trauma. At the present time, there is no clear evidence of a link between plunging ranula and HIV. The authors described a case of plunging ranula of the right floor of the mouth with a concurrent perioperative diagnosis of HIV. Surgical excision of ranula and associated salivary glands via submandibular and intraoral approach was successfully done with no recurrence over a period of one year. This case also highlights the importance of taking a thorough clinical history from patients and always practicing universal precautions, especially during surgical interventions.
口腔表现可能是HIV感染的最早指标，因为它与口腔念珠菌病、毛状白斑、线性牙龈红斑、坏死性溃疡性牙龈炎、坏死性溃疡性牙周炎、卡波西肉瘤和淋巴瘤密切相关。HIV患者还报告了其他病症，如弥漫性浸润性淋巴细胞增多综合征、良性淋巴上皮囊肿和唾液腺肿瘤。舌下腺囊肿是由于导管阻塞或创伤导致舌下腺唾液漏出引起的。目前，没有明确证据表明深在性舌下腺囊肿与HIV之间存在联系。作者描述了一例右口底深在性舌下腺囊肿病例，同时围手术期诊断为HIV。通过下颌下和口内入路成功切除了舌下腺囊肿及相关唾液腺，术后一年无复发。该病例还强调了全面了解患者临床病史以及始终采取通用预防措施的重要性，尤其是在手术干预期间。
