青少年体重指数与哮喘发生及持续情况的关联：一项对美国国家健康与营养检查调查（2011 - 2018年）的回顾性研究

Association of body mass index with asthma occurrence and persistence in adolescents: A retrospective study of NHANES (2011-2018).

作者信息

Li Ren-Jie, Wen Ying-Xu

机构信息

Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, 351100, Fujian, China.

Emergency Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570000, Hainan, China.

出版信息

Heliyon. 2023 Sep 12;9(9):e20092. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20092. eCollection 2023 Sep.

DOI:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20092

PMID:37809502

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10559872/

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the association of body mass index (BMI) with asthma and analyze the risk factors of asthma persistence among overweight/obese adolescents and those with a high risk for obesity.

METHODS

In this cross-sectional study, adolescents aged 11-17 years with complete general information and asthma diagnoses were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database. For adolescents without self-reported asthma, we performed matching according to age and sex at a case-to-control ratio of 1:3. Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify independent predictors of asthma occurrence followed by constructing a nomogram and comparing its efficacy to independent factors in predicting asthma occurrence. Besides, associations of BMI with asthma occurrence and persistence were evaluated. Finally, we obtained risk factors for asthma persistence in overweight/obese individuals and those at a high risk for obesity.

RESULTS

Totally 753 adolescents with asthma and 2259 adolescents without asthma were included to analyze the occurrence of asthma. BMI and Hispanic Ethnicity were independent predictors of asthma occurrence and were included in nomogram construction. BMI had an efficiency comparable to that of the nomogram model in predicting asthma occurrence, which is superior to that of Hispanic Ethnicity. Of the 753 adolescents diagnosed with asthma, 464 were still diagnosed with asthma of at least a year's duration. Interestingly, BMI may have the ability to predict asthma persistence. Further, Hispanic Ethnicity and household income were significantly related to asthma occurrence among overweight/obese and high-risk obese individuals.

CONCLUSIONS

High BMI could independently predict increased asthma occurrence. Additionally, BMI may play an essential role in predicting asthma persistence. This study may help improve the diagnosis and reduce the occurrence of asthma.

摘要

目的

探讨体重指数（BMI）与哮喘的关联，并分析超重/肥胖青少年及肥胖高危青少年哮喘持续存在的危险因素。

方法

在这项横断面研究中，从国家健康与营养检查调查数据库中选取了年龄在11 - 17岁、具有完整一般信息且被诊断为哮喘的青少年。对于未自我报告哮喘的青少年，我们按照年龄和性别以1:3的病例对照比例进行匹配。采用逻辑回归分析确定哮喘发生的独立预测因素，随后构建列线图，并将其预测哮喘发生的效能与独立因素进行比较。此外，评估BMI与哮喘发生及持续存在的关联。最后，我们得出超重/肥胖个体及肥胖高危个体哮喘持续存在的危险因素。

结果

共纳入753例哮喘青少年和2259例无哮喘青少年以分析哮喘的发生情况。BMI和西班牙裔种族是哮喘发生的独立预测因素，并被纳入列线图构建。BMI在预测哮喘发生方面的效能与列线图模型相当，优于西班牙裔种族。在753例被诊断为哮喘的青少年中，464例仍被诊断为哮喘且病程至少一年。有趣的是，BMI可能具有预测哮喘持续存在的能力。此外，西班牙裔种族和家庭收入与超重/肥胖及高危肥胖个体的哮喘发生显著相关。