Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China.
Department of Medical Examination Center, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China.
Sci Rep. 2022 Jun 13;12(1):9756. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-13555-w.
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between weight change patterns across adulthood and the risk of incident asthma later in life using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2018. In this retrospective cohort study, asthma was defined by self-report questionnaires, and age at diagnosis was used to estimate the time of asthma onset. Based on BMI at 25 years old (young adulthood) and BMI at 10 years before the survey (middle adulthood), patterns of weight change were divided into five categories including stable normal, non-obese to obese, obese to non-obese, maximum overweight and stable obese. A total of 27,359 participants (female 13,582, 49.6%) were enrolled in this study and during a mean follow-up of 9.8 years, 1035 subjects occurred asthma. After adjusting for age, gender, race, education, family income and smoking status, participants changing from non-obese to obese, stable obese had significantly higher risks of incident asthma than those with normal weight during adulthood (HR1.70, 95% CI 1.35-2.15, P < 0.0001; HR 1.66, 95% CI 1.21-2.19 P = 0.0019, respectively). The findings suggested that maintaining normal weight during adulthood may be important for preventing incident asthma in later life.
本研究旨在利用 2001-2018 年全国健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）的数据，研究成年期体重变化模式与晚年新发哮喘风险之间的关系。在这项回顾性队列研究中，哮喘通过自我报告问卷来定义，通过诊断年龄来估计哮喘发病时间。根据 25 岁（青年期）时的 BMI 和调查前 10 年的 BMI（中年期），体重变化模式分为五类：稳定正常、非肥胖到肥胖、肥胖到非肥胖、超重最大和稳定肥胖。共有 27359 名参与者（女性 13582 名，占 49.6%）纳入本研究，在平均 9.8 年的随访期间，1035 名参与者发生了哮喘。在调整年龄、性别、种族、教育程度、家庭收入和吸烟状况后，与成年期体重正常者相比，体重从非肥胖变为肥胖、稳定肥胖的参与者发生新发哮喘的风险显著更高（HR1.70，95%CI 1.35-2.15，P<0.0001；HR 1.66，95%CI 1.21-2.19，P=0.0019）。研究结果表明，成年期保持正常体重可能对预防晚年新发哮喘很重要。
