Zhou Liping, Wang Zhenzhen, Wang Li, Rastogi Sanjay
Department of Obstetrics, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Nursing, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China, 450003.
Specialist, ESIC Model Hospital, Beltola, Guwahati, Assam, India.
Heliyon. 2023 Sep 1;9(9):e19527. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19527. eCollection 2023 Sep.
Gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia often increase maternal and neonatal mortality. The illness usually appears after the 20th week of pregnancy due to malnutrition or obesity. Untreated, it can lead to neonatal and maternal mortality. Low-dose Aspirin can prevent preeclampsia if started between 11 and 28 weeks. Several studies support this technique, although others have shown limited effectiveness and negative side effects.
This study aims to assess the effectiveness of aspirin treatment for the prevention of preeclampsia, taking into account any possible adverse reactions.
This observational research comprised 600 singleton pregnant women at high risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension. The aspirin group had 301 individuals and the placebo group 299. From 11 to 36 weeks of pregnancy, they received 150 mg of aspirin and 150 mg of placebo. Gestational hypertension was assessed at 25 weeks, 36 weeks, and 37 weeks. If any, aspirin and placebo-related adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes were reported.
With aspirin therapy, 4 females and 14 females with placebo developed gestational hypertension before 25 weeks of pregnancy with an odds ratio of 0.283 (0.092-0.87); before 36 weeks, 5 females and 15 females with placebo developed GHD with an odds ratio of 0.331 (0.118-0.922); and after 37 weeks, 17 females and 35 females with placebo developed GHD. Preeclampsia occurred in 5 females in the aspirin group and 17 in the placebo group at <25 weeks (odds ratio 0.292 (0.106-0.802), 7 females in the aspirin arm and 25 females in the placebo arm at <36 weeks (odds ratio 0.278 (0.118-0.652), and 21 females in the aspirin arm and 39 females in the placebo arm at >37 weeks (odds ratio 0.5349 (0.307-0.930).
In pregnant women at high risk of prenatal hypertension and preeclampsia, aspirin therapy is very effective with minimal side effects.
妊娠期高血压和子痫前期常增加孕产妇和新生儿死亡率。该疾病通常在妊娠20周后因营养不良或肥胖而出现。若不治疗，可导致新生儿和孕产妇死亡。低剂量阿司匹林如果在11至28周开始使用，可预防子痫前期。多项研究支持这一技术，尽管其他研究显示其效果有限且有负面副作用。
本研究旨在评估阿司匹林治疗预防子痫前期的有效性，并考虑任何可能的不良反应。
这项观察性研究纳入了600名单胎妊娠且有妊娠高血压综合征高风险的孕妇。阿司匹林组有301人，安慰剂组有299人。在妊娠11至36周期间，她们分别服用150毫克阿司匹林和150毫克安慰剂。在妊娠25周、36周和37周时评估妊娠期高血压情况。如有任何与阿司匹林和安慰剂相关的不良妊娠及新生儿结局，均进行报告。
接受阿司匹林治疗的孕妇中，4名女性和14名接受安慰剂的女性在妊娠25周前发生妊娠期高血压，比值比为0.283（0.092 - 0.87）；在36周前，5名接受阿司匹林治疗的女性和15名接受安慰剂的女性发生妊娠期高血压，比值比为0.331（0.118 - 0.922）；在37周后，17名接受阿司匹林治疗的女性和35名接受安慰剂的女性发生妊娠期高血压。子痫前期在妊娠25周前，阿司匹林组有5名女性发生，安慰剂组有17名女性发生（比值比0.292（0.106 - 0.802））；在36周前，阿司匹林组有7名女性发生，安慰剂组有25名女性发生（比值比0.278（0.118 - 0.652））；在37周后，阿司匹林组有21名女性发生，安慰剂组有39名女性发生（比值比0.5349（0.307 - 0.930））。
对于有产前高血压和子痫前期高风险的孕妇，阿司匹林治疗非常有效且副作用最小。
