Department of Social Work, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA.
School of Social Welfare, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2024 Dec;11(6):3606-3617. doi: 10.1007/s40615-023-01812-1. Epub 2023 Oct 9.
Racial/ethnic minorities in the United States often experience many different types of traumatic events. We examine the patterns of familial and racial trauma and their associations with substance use disorders (SUDs) among racial/ethnic minority adults.
We used data from the National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions-III. The study sample included 17,115 individuals who were Hispanic (43.6%), Black (34.9%), Asian American and Pacific Islander (17.0%), and American Indian or Alaska Native (AI/AN, 4.6%). Latent class analysis models with covariates and distal outcomes were analyzed to investigate patterns of trauma exposure and estimate binary outcomes of SUDs. Familial and racial trauma was measured by ten areas of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and six items of racial discrimination.
We found four distinctive groups: low trauma (Class 1, 62.1%), high discrimination (Class 2, 17.2%), high ACEs (Class 2, 14.9%), and high trauma (Class 4, 5.9%). Compared to Class 1, other groups were more likely to include Black and AI/AN adults. Participants in Class 2 reported greater risks for alcohol and other drug use disorders. Those in Class 3 and 4 reported greater risks for alcohol, opioid, stimulant, and other drug use disorders.
Given a higher risk of trauma exposure in Black and AI/AN adults, racially and ethnically sensitive trauma-focused interventions may help prevent and reduce SUDs in those populations.
美国的少数族裔经常经历许多不同类型的创伤事件。我们研究了家庭和种族创伤的模式及其与少数族裔成年人物质使用障碍（SUD）的关联。
我们使用了来自国家酒精流行病学调查与相关条件-III 的数据。研究样本包括 17115 名西班牙裔（43.6%）、黑人（34.9%）、亚裔美国人和太平洋岛民（17.0%）和美国印第安人或阿拉斯加原住民（AI/AN，4.6%）。使用带有协变量和远端结果的潜在类别分析模型来研究创伤暴露模式，并估计 SUD 的二元结果。家庭和种族创伤通过十种不良儿童经历（ACEs）和六种种族歧视项目来衡量。
我们发现了四个不同的群体：低创伤（第 1 类，62.1%）、高歧视（第 2 类，17.2%）、高 ACEs（第 2 类，14.9%）和高创伤（第 4 类，5.9%）。与第 1 类相比，其他群体更可能包括黑人和 AI/AN 成年人。第 2 类报告了更大的酒精和其他药物使用障碍风险。第 3 类和第 4 类报告了更大的酒精、阿片类药物、兴奋剂和其他药物使用障碍风险。
鉴于黑人及 AI/AN 成年人创伤暴露风险较高，针对种族和族裔敏感的创伤焦点干预措施可能有助于预防和减少这些人群的 SUD。
