Department of Health Policy Science, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan.
Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan.
Arch Sex Behav. 2024 Jan;53(1):405-412. doi: 10.1007/s10508-023-02707-2. Epub 2023 Oct 9.
This study aimed to examine the effect of increases in the duration of education on sexual activity in later life using the instrumental variable approach. Cross-sectional data were obtained from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, Wave 6 (2012/2013) for the analysis. The effect of the duration of education on a binary variable for sexual activity in the past month was examined by two-stage least squares estimation using the 1947 schooling reform as the instrument. A total of 1493 participants were included. The 1947 schooling reform significantly extended the duration of education by a mean of 0.86 years (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.52-1.20; F = 24.70) for men and 0.81 years for women (95% CI, 0.54-1.09; F = 33.82). The second-stage regression showed that an additional year of education increased the probability of having sexual activity in the past month by 0.16 points (95% CI, 0.07-0.25) for men and decreased the probability of having sexual activity in the past month by 0.18 points (95% CI, - 0.30- - 0.05) for women. The causal mediation analysis revealed that long-standing illness mediated the mechanism between education and sexual activity, but the mediational effect was clearly observed only for men: the indirect effect for men was 0.10 (95% CI, 0.01-0.20; the proportion mediated, 78.1%) and for women was - 0.16 (95% CI, - 1.23-0.90; the proportion mediated, 97.8%), respectively. This study confirmed the causal effect of education on sexual activity. However, the effect for men and women was completely opposite.
本研究旨在使用工具变量法探讨教育年限增加对晚年性行为的影响。分析使用了 2012/2013 年英国老龄化纵向研究第六波（ELSA Wave 6）的横截面数据。使用 1947 年的学校改革作为工具变量，采用两阶段最小二乘法估计，检验教育年限对过去一个月性行为的二分变量的影响。共纳入 1493 名参与者。1947 年的学校改革使男性的教育年限平均延长了 0.86 年（95%置信区间[CI]：0.52-1.20；F=24.70），女性延长了 0.81 年（95%CI：0.54-1.09；F=33.82）。第二阶段回归表明，教育年限每增加一年，男性过去一个月发生性行为的可能性增加 0.16 分（95%CI：0.07-0.25），女性发生性行为的可能性降低 0.18 分（95%CI：-0.30-0.05）。因果中介分析表明，长期患病介导了教育与性行为之间的机制，但这种中介效应仅在男性中明显：男性的间接效应为 0.10（95%CI：0.01-0.20；中介比例，78.1%），女性为-0.16（95%CI：-1.23-0.90；中介比例，97.8%）。本研究证实了教育对性行为的因果影响。然而，男性和女性的影响却完全相反。
