Jalanko Petri, Säisänen Laura, Kallioniemi Elisa, Könönen Mervi, Lakka Timo A, Määttä Sara, Haapala Eero A
Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Helsinki Clinic for Sports and Exercise Medicine (HULA), Foundation for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Helsinki, Finland.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2024 Jan;34(1):e14513. doi: 10.1111/sms.14513. Epub 2023 Oct 9.
Despite the importance of the developing cerebellum on cognition, the associations between physical fitness and cerebellar volume in adolescents remain unclear. We explored the associations of physical fitness with gray matter (GM) volume of VI, VIIb and Crus I & II, which are cerebellar lobules related to cognition, in 40 (22 females; 17.9 ± 0.8 year-old) adolescents, and whether the associations were sex-specific. Peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2 ) and power were assessed by maximal ramp test on a cycle ergometer, muscular strength with standing long jump (SLJ), speed-agility with the shuttle-run test (SRT), coordination with the Box and Block Test (BBT) and neuromuscular performance index (NPI) as the sum of SLJ, BBT and SRT z-scores. Body composition was measured using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Cerebellar volumes were assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. V̇O2 relative to lean mass was inversely associated with the GM volume of the cerebellum (standardized regression coefficient (β) = -0.038, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.075 to 0.001, p = 0.044). Cumulative NPI was positively associated with the GM volume of Crus I (β = 0.362, 95% CI 0.045 to 0.679, p = 0.027). In females, better performance in SRT was associated with a larger GM volume of Crus I (β = -0.373, 95% CI -0.760 to -0.028, p = 0.036). In males, cumulative NPI was inversely associated with the GM volume of Crus II (β = -0.793, 95% CI -1.579 to -0.008 p = 0.048). Other associations were nonsignificant. In conclusion, cardiorespiratory fitness, neuromuscular performance and speed-agility were associated with cerebellar GM volume, and the strength and direction of associations were sex-specific.
尽管发育中的小脑对认知很重要，但青少年的身体素质与小脑体积之间的关联仍不明确。我们在40名（22名女性；年龄17.9±0.8岁）青少年中探究了身体素质与小脑VI、VIIb以及Crus I和Crus II灰质（GM）体积的关联，这些都是与认知相关的小脑小叶，并且探究了这些关联是否具有性别特异性。通过在自行车测力计上进行最大递增测试评估峰值摄氧量（V̇O2 ）和功率，通过立定跳远（SLJ）评估肌肉力量，通过穿梭跑测试（SRT）评估速度敏捷性，通过箱块测试（BBT）评估协调性，并将神经肌肉性能指数（NPI）作为SLJ、BBT和SRT z分数的总和。使用双能X射线吸收法测量身体成分。通过磁共振成像评估小脑体积。相对于瘦体重的V̇O2 与小脑的GM体积呈负相关（标准化回归系数（β）=-0.038，95%置信区间（CI）-0.075至0.001，p=0.044）。累积NPI与Crus I的GM体积呈正相关（β=0.362，95%CI 0.045至0.679，p=0.027）。在女性中，SRT表现更好与Crus I更大的GM体积相关（β=-0.373，95%CI -0.760至-0.028，p=0.036）。在男性中，累积NPI与Crus II的GM体积呈负相关（β=-0.793，95%CI -1.579至-0.008，p=0.048）。其他关联不显著。总之，心肺适能、神经肌肉性能和速度敏捷性与小脑GM体积相关，且关联的强度和方向具有性别特异性。
