Bukatova Stanislava, Bacova Zuzana, Osacka Jana, Bakos Jan
Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Int J Neurosci. 2024 Dec;134(12):1429-1443. doi: 10.1080/00207454.2023.2269304. Epub 2023 Oct 13.
The neurobiology of autism is complex, but emerging research points to potential abnormalities and alterations in neurogenesis. The aim of the present review is to describe the advances in the understanding of the role of selected neurotrophins, neuropeptides, and other compounds secreted by neuronal cells in the processes of postnatal neurogenesis in conjunction with autism. We characterize the fundamental mechanisms of neuronal cell proliferation, generation of major neuronal cell types with special emphasis on neurogenic niches - the subventricular zone and hippocampal areas. We also discuss changes in intracellular calcium levels and calcium-dependent transcription factors in the context of the regulation of neurogenesis and cell fate determination. To sum up, this review provides specific insight into the known association between alterations in the function of the entire spectrum of molecules involved in neurogenesis and the etiology of autism pathogenesis.
自闭症的神经生物学机制复杂，但新兴研究指出神经发生过程中可能存在异常和改变。本综述的目的是描述在理解特定神经营养因子、神经肽以及神经元细胞分泌的其他化合物在自闭症相关的出生后神经发生过程中的作用方面所取得的进展。我们阐述了神经元细胞增殖的基本机制、主要神经元细胞类型的产生，特别强调了神经源性小生境——脑室下区和海马区。我们还在神经发生调控和细胞命运决定的背景下讨论了细胞内钙水平和钙依赖性转录因子的变化。总之，本综述为参与神经发生的全部分子功能改变与自闭症发病机制病因之间的已知关联提供了具体见解。
