Blume Rostyslav Y, Kalendar Ruslan, Guo Liang, Cahoon Edgar B, Blume Yaroslav B
Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics of National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
Institute of Biotechnology HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Front Plant Sci. 2023 Sep 25;14:1259431. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1259431. eCollection 2023.
Camelina or false flax () is an emerging oilseed crop and a feedstock for biofuel production. This species is believed to originate from Western Asian and Eastern European regions, where the center of diversity of the genus is located. Cultivated species arose via a series of polyploidization events, serving as bottlenecks narrowing genetic diversity of the species. The genetic paucity of is foreseen as the most crucial limitation for successful breeding and improvement of this crop. A potential solution to this challenge could be gene introgression from wild species or from resynthesized allohexaploid . However, both approaches would require a complete comprehension of the evolutionary trajectories that led to the origin. Although there are some studies discussing the origin and evolution of hexaploid species, final conclusions have not been made yet. Here, we propose the most complete integrated evolutionary model for the genus based on the most recently described findings, which enables efficient improvement of the interspecific hybridization with its wild relatives. We also discuss issues of interspecific and intergeneric hybridization, aimed on improving and overcoming the genetic paucity of this crop. The proposed comprehensive evolutionary model of species indicates that a newly described species has a key role in origin of tetra- and hexaploids, all of which have two -based subgenomes. Understanding of species evolution within the genus provides insights into further research on improvements via gene introgression from wild species, and a potential resynthesis of this emerging oilseed crop.
亚麻荠或假亚麻（Camelina sativa）是一种新兴的油料作物，也是生物燃料生产的原料。该物种被认为起源于西亚和东欧地区，这里是该属植物的多样性中心。栽培种是通过一系列多倍体化事件产生的，这些事件成为了缩小该物种遗传多样性的瓶颈。亚麻荠的遗传匮乏被认为是该作物成功育种和改良的最关键限制因素。应对这一挑战的一个潜在解决方案可能是从野生种或重新合成的异源六倍体中导入基因。然而，这两种方法都需要全面了解导致亚麻荠起源的进化轨迹。尽管有一些研究讨论了六倍体物种的起源和进化，但尚未得出最终结论。在此，我们基于最近描述的研究结果，提出了亚麻荠属最完整的综合进化模型，该模型有助于通过与其野生近缘种进行种间杂交来有效改良亚麻荠。我们还讨论了种间和属间杂交的问题，旨在改良和克服该作物的遗传匮乏。所提出的亚麻荠物种综合进化模型表明，一个新描述的物种在四倍体和六倍体的起源中起着关键作用，所有这些四倍体和六倍体都有两个基于C基因组的亚基因组。了解亚麻荠属内的物种进化为通过从野生种导入基因进一步改良亚麻荠以及对这种新兴油料作物进行潜在的重新合成提供了见解。
