School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China.
School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2023 Nov;202:115111. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115111. Epub 2023 Oct 10.
The lack of effective treatments for pulmonary diseases presents a significant global health burden, primarily due to the challenges posed by the pulmonary barrier that hinders drug delivery to the lungs. Inhaled nanomedicines, with their capacity for localized and precise drug delivery to specific pulmonary pathologies through the respiratory route, hold tremendous promise as a solution to these challenges. Nevertheless, the realization of efficient and safe pulmonary drug delivery remains fraught with multifaceted challenges. This review summarizes the delivery barriers associated with major pulmonary diseases, the physicochemical properties and drug formulations affecting these barriers, and emphasizes the design advantages and functional integration of nanomedicine in overcoming pulmonary barriers for efficient and safe local drug delivery. The review also deliberates on established nanocarriers and explores drug formulation strategies rooted in these nanocarriers, thereby furnishing essential guidance for the rational design and implementation of pulmonary nanotherapeutics. Finally, this review cast a forward-looking perspective, contemplating the clinical prospects and challenges inherent in the application of inhaled nanomedicines for respiratory diseases.
肺部疾病缺乏有效治疗方法，这给全球健康带来了重大负担，主要原因是肺部屏障阻碍了药物输送到肺部，从而带来了挑战。吸入式纳米药物通过呼吸途径将药物靶向递送到特定肺部病变部位，具有局部和精确给药的潜力，为解决这些挑战带来了巨大希望。然而，实现高效和安全的肺部药物输送仍然充满了多方面的挑战。本文综述了与主要肺部疾病相关的输送障碍、影响这些障碍的物理化学性质和药物配方，并强调了纳米药物在克服肺部障碍以实现高效和安全局部药物输送方面的设计优势和功能整合。本文还讨论了已建立的纳米载体，并探讨了基于这些纳米载体的药物配方策略，从而为肺部纳米治疗学的合理设计和实施提供了必要的指导。最后，本文展望了吸入式纳米药物在呼吸疾病应用中的临床前景和挑战。
