Arizona State University.
Dev Psychopathol. 2019 Oct;31(4):1541-1556. doi: 10.1017/S0954579418001219.
This study examined changes in adolescents' perceived relationship quality with mothers and fathers from middle school to high school, gender differences, and associated mental health consequences using longitudinal data from the New England Study of Suburban Youth cohort (n = 262, 48% female) with annual assessments (Grades 6-12). For both parents, alienation increased, and trust and communication decreased from middle school to high school, with greater changes among girls. Overall, closeness to mothers was higher than with fathers. Girls, compared to boys, perceived more trust and communication and similar levels of alienation with mothers at Grade 6. Girls perceived stronger increases in alienation from both parents and stronger declines in trust with mothers during middle school. Increasing alienation from both parents and less trust with mothers at Grade 6 was associated with higher levels of anxiety at Grade 12. Less trust with both parents at Grade 6 and increasing alienation and decreasing trust with mothers in high school were associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms at Grade 12. Overall, girls reported having higher levels of anxiety at Grade 12 compared to boys. Findings on the course of the quality of parent-adolescent relationships over time are discussed in terms of implications for more targeted research and interventions.
本研究使用新英格兰郊区青年队列（New England Study of Suburban Youth cohort）的纵向数据（n=262，48%为女性），对青少年从中学到高中与母亲和父亲关系质量的感知变化、性别差异以及与心理健康后果的关系进行了研究，每年进行一次评估（6-12 年级）。对于父母双方来说，从中学到高中，疏离感增加，信任和沟通减少，女孩的变化更大。总体而言，与母亲的亲近程度高于与父亲的亲近程度。与男孩相比，女孩在 6 年级时对母亲的信任和沟通程度更高，而对母亲的疏离感则更低。与母亲相比，女孩在中学期间感知到父母双方的疏离感增强，对母亲的信任度下降更为明显。6 年级时与父母双方的疏离感增加、与母亲的信任度下降，与 12 年级时的焦虑水平较高有关。6 年级时与父母双方的信任度较低，以及高中阶段与母亲的疏离感增加和信任度下降，与 12 年级时的抑郁症状水平较高有关。总体而言，与男孩相比，女孩在 12 年级时报告的焦虑水平更高。研究结果还讨论了父母与青少年关系质量随时间变化的轨迹对更有针对性的研究和干预措施的意义。
