Zhang Lantian, Zhou Jinrun
Education Branch, Chongqing Publishing Group, Chongqing, China.
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.
J Fish Biol. 2024 Dec;105(6):1487-1500. doi: 10.1111/jfb.15585. Epub 2023 Oct 24.
The increasing prevalence of heart disease poses a significant threat to human survival and safety. However, the current treatments available for heart disease are quite limited. Therefore, it is important to utilize suitable animal models that can accurately simulate the physiological characteristics of heart disease. This would help improve our understanding of this disease and aid in the development of new treatment methods and drugs. Zebrafish heart not only exhibits similarities to mammalian hearts, but they also share ~70% of homologous genes with humans. Utilizing zebrafish as an alternative to expensive and time-consuming mammalian models offers numerous advantages. Zebrafish models can be easily established and maintained, and compound screening and genetic methods allow for the development of various economical and easily controlled zebrafish and zebrafish embryonic heart disease models in a short period of time. Consequently, zebrafish have become a powerful tool for exploring the pathological mechanisms of heart disease and identifying new effective genes. In this review, we summarize recent studies on different zebrafish models of heart disease. We also describe the techniques and protocols used to develop zebrafish models of myocardial infarction, heart failure, and congenital heart disease, including surgical procedures, forward and reverse genetics, and drug and combination screening. This review aims to promote the utilization of zebrafish models in investigating diverse pathological mechanisms of heart disease, enhancing our knowledge and comprehension of heart disease, and offering novel insights and objectives for exploring the prevention and treatment of heart disease.
心脏病患病率的不断上升对人类的生存和安全构成了重大威胁。然而，目前可用于治疗心脏病的方法相当有限。因此，利用能够准确模拟心脏病生理特征的合适动物模型非常重要。这将有助于我们更好地了解这种疾病，并有助于开发新的治疗方法和药物。斑马鱼的心脏不仅与哺乳动物的心脏有相似之处，而且它们与人类共享约70%的同源基因。利用斑马鱼替代昂贵且耗时的哺乳动物模型具有诸多优势。斑马鱼模型易于建立和维护，通过化合物筛选和遗传方法可以在短时间内开发出各种经济且易于控制的斑马鱼和斑马鱼胚胎心脏病模型。因此，斑马鱼已成为探索心脏病病理机制和鉴定新的有效基因的有力工具。在这篇综述中，我们总结了近期关于不同斑马鱼心脏病模型的研究。我们还描述了用于开发心肌梗死、心力衰竭和先天性心脏病斑马鱼模型的技术和方案，包括手术操作、正向和反向遗传学以及药物和联合筛选。这篇综述旨在促进斑马鱼模型在研究心脏病各种病理机制中的应用，增进我们对心脏病的认识和理解，并为探索心脏病的预防和治疗提供新的见解和目标。
