Natural Resources Canada, CanmetENERGY Devon, 1 Oil Patch Drive, Devon, Alberta T9G 1A8, Canada.
Natural Resources Canada, CanmetENERGY Devon, 1 Oil Patch Drive, Devon, Alberta T9G 1A8, Canada.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2023 Nov;196:115607. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115607. Epub 2023 Oct 10.
Planning for effective response to crude oil spills into water depends on evidence of oil behavior, including its tendency to become distributed throughout an aquatic system. An improved laboratory method is employed to quantitatively assess crude oil distribution among different layers that form after mixing within a multi-phase system of water and sediment. Mixtures of conventional crude oil or diluted bitumen with different water types in the presence or absence of mineral sediment are first mixed by a standard end-over-end rotary agitation protocol. After a settling period, each mixture's visibly distinct floating, surface oil (e.g., slick or emulsion), subsurface bulk water, and bottom layers are then separated. Finally, the masses of oil, water, and sediment constituting each layer are isolated, quantified, and compared. The novel results reveal how component properties affect oil distribution among layers to inform spill behavior models, risk assessments, and response plans, including applications of spill-treating agents.
规划对进入水体的原油泄漏的有效应对取决于油类行为的证据，包括其在水系统中分布的趋势。采用改进的实验室方法定量评估了在水和沉积物多相混合体系中混合后形成的不同层之间的原油分布。首先，在存在或不存在矿物沉积物的情况下，将常规原油或稀释沥青与不同类型的水混合，并按照标准的反复旋转搅拌方案进行混合。在沉降一段时间后，将每种混合物中明显不同的浮油（例如浮油或乳状液）、表面油、次表层大量水和底层分离开来。最后，分离、量化并比较构成每个层的油、水和沉积物的质量。新的结果揭示了成分特性如何影响油在层间的分布，从而为泄漏行为模型、风险评估和应对计划提供信息，包括泄漏处理剂的应用。
