Department of Breast Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China.
Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, PKU International Cancer Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
Cell Signal. 2023 Dec;112:110918. doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110918. Epub 2023 Oct 10.
PROS1 is an encoding gene that can generate protein S. This protein is a glycoprotein found in plasma that conducts physiological functions with vitamin K. However, the impact of its expression remains absent in the progression and prognosis of breast cancer (BC).
In this study, we comprehensively explored the expression of PROS1 in BC and its relationship with BC patient survival, prognosis, and other clinicopathological features. We investigated how PROS1 influenced the malignant biological behavior of BC cells. A series of enrichment analyses were conducted, and the immune landscape was explored in BC affected by PROS1. We also determined correlations between PROS1 and common drug sensitivities used for BC treatments.
PROS1 had low expression in BC, which tended to result in poor survival of BC patients. Overexpressed PROS1 inhibited the migration and invasion of BC cells as well as the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process by downregulating SNAIL. Functional enrichment analyses revealed that PROS1 was more active in extracellular matrix (ECM) organization and structural constituent, ECM-receptor interaction, and other pathways with its related genes. PROS1 was also found to affect immune activity, including various immune cells infiltrating BC. BC patients with high PROS1 expression tended to have lower IC50 values of three common medications and obtained better efficacy.
PROS1 can become a promising prognostic factor and a possible therapeutic target in BC patients and suppress BC cell metastatic potential. In addition, PROS1 is a crucial factor in immune infiltration in BC.
PROS1 是一个编码基因，能够生成蛋白 S。这种蛋白是一种在血浆中发现的糖蛋白，与维生素 K 一起发挥生理功能。然而，其表达对乳腺癌（BC）的进展和预后的影响尚不清楚。
在这项研究中，我们全面探讨了 PROS1 在 BC 中的表达及其与 BC 患者生存、预后和其他临床病理特征的关系。我们研究了 PROS1 如何影响 BC 细胞的恶性生物学行为。进行了一系列富集分析，并探讨了受 PROS1 影响的 BC 中的免疫景观。我们还确定了 PROS1 与用于 BC 治疗的常见药物敏感性之间的相关性。
PROS1 在 BC 中的表达较低，这往往导致 BC 患者的生存较差。过表达 PROS1 通过下调 SNAIL 抑制 BC 细胞的迁移和侵袭以及上皮-间充质转化过程。功能富集分析表明，PROS1 在细胞外基质（ECM）组织和结构成分、ECM-受体相互作用和其他途径中更为活跃，其相关基因也更为活跃。还发现 PROS1 影响免疫活性，包括各种浸润 BC 的免疫细胞。PROS1 表达较高的 BC 患者倾向于具有三种常见药物的较低 IC50 值，并获得更好的疗效。
PROS1 可以成为 BC 患者有前途的预后因素和可能的治疗靶点，并抑制 BC 细胞的转移潜力。此外，PROS1 是 BC 中免疫浸润的关键因素。
