Slouha Ethan, Biput Stefan J, Kuteyi Azeez, Kalloo Amy E, Gorantla Vasavi Rakesh
Medical School, St. George's University School of Medicine, True Blue, GRD.
Clinical Sciences, St. George's University, True Blue, GRD.
Cureus. 2023 Sep 11;15(9):e45027. doi: 10.7759/cureus.45027. eCollection 2023 Sep.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is steatosis of the liver that resembles alcohol-induced liver injury but is a metabolic disorder. Most patients are obese with increased triglyceride levels due to increased intake of fatty food, which can cause excess fat to build up in the liver. At the same time, continuous ingestion of fatty foods can lead to gallstones (GS) due to the overproduction of cholesterol. NAFLD and GS have been seen to coincide, and there might be a relationship between them. This systematic review analyzes the incidence of NAFLD and GS to determine a bidirectional relationship. A comprehensive literature review was done using ProQuest, PubMed, and ScienceDirect, and included only experimental studies and meta-analyses. The search included the keywords 'gallstones and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease' and 'cholelithiasis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease'. Our initial search included 10,665 articles and was narrowed down to 19 through extensive inclusion and exclusion criteria. There is a bidirectional relationship between the incidence of NAFLD and GS, where an increase in either can lead to an increase in the other. Both NAFLD and GS share similar risk factors leading to the development of each disease. On average, there's an increase in the prevalence of gallstones in NAFLD patients, and patients with GS were also more likely to have NAFLD. There was a prevalence of NAFLD in those with asymptomatic gallstones as well, indicating that the risk factors are crucial in the development of both. As a result, some research is determining whether an evaluation of the liver should be routine during cholecystectomy due to the increased risk of developing NAFLD.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）是一种肝脏脂肪变性，类似于酒精性肝损伤，但属于代谢紊乱。大多数患者肥胖，由于脂肪类食物摄入量增加导致甘油三酯水平升高，这会使肝脏中积聚过多脂肪。同时，持续摄入脂肪类食物会因胆固醇产生过多而导致胆结石（GS）。NAFLD和GS已被发现同时存在，它们之间可能存在某种关系。本系统评价分析了NAFLD和GS的发病率，以确定二者之间的双向关系。通过ProQuest、PubMed和ScienceDirect进行了全面的文献综述，仅纳入实验研究和荟萃分析。检索关键词包括“胆结石与非酒精性脂肪性肝病”以及“胆石症与非酒精性脂肪性肝病”。我们最初的检索共找到10665篇文章，通过广泛的纳入和排除标准后缩小至19篇。NAFLD和GS的发病率之间存在双向关系，其中任何一方的增加都可能导致另一方增加。NAFLD和GS具有相似的导致各自疾病发生的危险因素。平均而言，NAFLD患者中胆结石的患病率有所增加，而患有GS的患者也更有可能患NAFLD。无症状胆结石患者中也存在NAFLD，这表明危险因素在两者的发生发展中都至关重要。因此，一些研究正在确定由于患NAFLD的风险增加，在胆囊切除术中对肝脏进行评估是否应成为常规操作。
