Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (IPAC RAS), Chernogolovka 142432, Russia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Sep 22;24(19):14450. doi: 10.3390/ijms241914450.
This review is devoted to the problems of the common features linking metabolic disorders and type 2 diabetes with the development of Alzheimer's disease. The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease closely intersects with the mechanisms of type 2 diabetes development, and an important risk factor for both pathologies is aging. Common pathological mechanisms include both factors in the development of oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, insulin resistance, and amyloidosis, as well as impaired mitochondrial dysfunctions and increasing cell death. The currently available drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease have limited therapeutic efficacy. It is important to note that drugs used to treat Alzheimer's disease, in particular acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, show a positive therapeutic potential in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, while drugs used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes can also prevent a number of pathologies characteristic for Alzheimer's disease. A promising direction in the search for a strategy for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease may be the creation of complex multi-target drugs that have neuroprotective potential and affect specific common targets for type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease.
这篇综述致力于探讨代谢紊乱和 2 型糖尿病与阿尔茨海默病发展之间的共同特征问题。阿尔茨海默病的发病机制与 2 型糖尿病的发展机制密切交织，这两种疾病的一个重要危险因素是衰老。共同的病理机制包括氧化应激、神经炎症、胰岛素抵抗和淀粉样变性发展的因素，以及线粒体功能障碍和细胞死亡增加。目前用于治疗 2 型糖尿病和阿尔茨海默病的药物的治疗效果有限。值得注意的是，用于治疗阿尔茨海默病的药物，特别是乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂，在治疗 2 型糖尿病方面显示出积极的治疗潜力，而用于治疗 2 型糖尿病的药物也可以预防许多阿尔茨海默病特有的病理。寻找 2 型糖尿病和阿尔茨海默病治疗策略的一个有前途的方向可能是创建具有神经保护潜力并影响 2 型糖尿病和阿尔茨海默病特定共同靶点的复杂多靶药物。
