Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Sep 23;24(19):14485. doi: 10.3390/ijms241914485.
Energy metabolism is a fundamental process in all organisms. During silkworm () embryonic development, there is a high demand for energy due to continuous cell proliferation and differentiation. Estrogen-related receptors (ERRs) are transcriptional regulatory factors that play crucial roles in mammalian energy storage and expenditure. Although most insects have one ERR gene, it also participates in the regulation of energy metabolism, including carbohydrate metabolism in , , and . However, no study has reported the direct impact of energy metabolism on embryonic development in silkworms. In this study, we used transgenic technology to increase silkworm (; Bm) BmERR expression during embryonic development and explored the impact of energy on embryonic development. We found no significant change in the quality of silkworm eggs compared to that of wild-type silkworms. However, there was an increase in the consumption of vitellin, a major nutrient in embryos. This resulted in a decrease in glucose content and a significant increase in ATP content. These findings provide evidence that the acceleration of energy metabolism promotes embryonic development and enhances the motility of hatched silkworms. In addition, these results provide a novel perspective on the relationship between energy metabolism and embryonic development in other insects.
能量代谢是所有生物体的基本过程。在蚕（ ）胚胎发育过程中，由于细胞的不断增殖和分化，对能量的需求很高。雌激素相关受体（ERRs）是转录调节因子，在哺乳动物的能量储存和消耗中发挥着关键作用。尽管大多数昆虫只有一个 ERR 基因，但它也参与了能量代谢的调节，包括蚕中的碳水化合物代谢。然而，目前还没有研究报道能量代谢对蚕胚胎发育的直接影响。在这项研究中，我们使用转基因技术在胚胎发育过程中增加了家蚕（Bm）BmERR 的表达，并探讨了能量对胚胎发育的影响。与野生型家蚕相比，我们发现家蚕卵的质量没有明显变化。然而，卵黄蛋白的消耗增加了，卵黄蛋白是胚胎中的主要营养物质。这导致葡萄糖含量下降，ATP 含量显著增加。这些发现为能量代谢的加速促进胚胎发育和增强孵化后家蚕的运动能力提供了证据。此外，这些结果为其他昆虫中能量代谢与胚胎发育之间的关系提供了新的视角。
