School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Sep 25;24(19):14511. doi: 10.3390/ijms241914511.
Nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) are intracellular proteins with a central role in innate and adaptive immunity. As a member of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), NLRs sense specific pathogen-associated molecular patterns, trigger numerous signaling pathways and lead to the secretion of various cytokines. In recent years, cumulative studies have revealed the significant impacts of NLRs in gastrointestinal (GI) inflammatory diseases and cancers. Deciphering the role and molecular mechanism of the NLR signaling pathways may provide new opportunities for the development of therapeutic strategies related to GI inflammatory diseases and GI cancers. This review presents the structures and signaling pathways of NLRs, summarizes the recent advances regarding NLR signaling in GI inflammatory diseases and GI cancers and describes comprehensive therapeutic strategies based on this signaling pathway.
核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域（NOD）样受体（NLRs）是细胞内蛋白，在先天免疫和适应性免疫中起核心作用。作为模式识别受体（PRRs）的一员，NLRs 可以识别特定的病原体相关分子模式，触发多种信号通路，并导致各种细胞因子的分泌。近年来，大量研究揭示了 NLR 在胃肠道（GI）炎症性疾病和癌症中的重要作用。解析 NLR 信号通路的作用和分子机制可能为胃肠道炎症性疾病和胃肠道癌症相关治疗策略的发展提供新的机会。本综述介绍了 NLRs 的结构和信号通路，总结了 NLR 信号在胃肠道炎症性疾病和胃肠道癌症中的最新进展，并描述了基于该信号通路的综合治疗策略。
